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01

    ʢ£Ժء
    ڶħԼʮ֣Կ⣬ַ깫ճز֮֡˼֮ȴϧ˺ڹ˼ؼ԰ͷɾġֱ걾ҲԼһѪд
    ɱǷԭѣʱԸΪɡ

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һ˶ϿŵǣˮصȸѶǿͦ˹ɽȴŴŵ绰ˣҲûҺã绰ϵ֮ǰѾܲλ֮Ȼټǣһ˾治֪Ҫôҵ
ܵĻӳҹΪ˾Ϊεܰŵרְ˾Ҳ͸ھסһڶ磬ڱݸ̳תת˴ЩԹŷֱ̡ҲԼ»εЩһȥ̳ߵƷ۸ʵھˣֺεǾ֪ġ
£ز죬İסʵϣֺεѾס˹˾еˡ
ֽʮ꣬Сʱûôúö飬ƳѧҵͿʼϴƴְҵѧ˸ʻ˾ְλȶǰȫһָƳǿֽ˾ﱸ˾ΪƳǷֹ˾ԪϼԱεѧҵĿﱸʱΪ²ƸԹƳǰæﱸڵĹ߷׸һ˵áεӣóڿ죬ߡôһȥ˽Ϥ㺡
εǻˣŵڣֺǲҲûһ޳˵顣ε񣬵ΪжŮٶЩߣ˴ζ԰ޱȾǿƳѰŮĸĸǰֵգޱȼᶨ˵ҰһҸذͷϣıӰűˮʪǰ½ﰵԼ˵һҪεãһӣ񣬶һŮ˺òã󲿷ֻǿܸܲŮһоůȫķӡ
ּƶҲټҽծҲֻƳе׸ÿµķֻܿСԼ롣ʱ򣬹˾̸ͬĹ¾ԵΪۡƳǣнȵĹ˾ޣһЩ͵ĹҲֻܸʰ·硣һְǷͳ˸⡣˾Թ˾˵ĹϵȲ񣬰ѽ֤ˡ
֤죬·ϯֻԼĸһͬԼƨɳѳ½ܡ˳˶ٷǽˡֿεǷĵЦݣǸ֮Ȼ֪ŮΪ븸ĸѣԺֻһˡڻ鷿ڵӷģҪϹһ
ô˵ģҲôġ˽ˣּûεʱʱػЩСϲȻЩֵ̫Ǯ⣬ȴİҸεҲǻСŮ˶е۹˼ѼﲼõƯƯְĦӲļͷһˮȥһۡεԽôԽǾԼǷ̫࣬ǻὫԼĻһʡʡõĶûܸʹڻس̵ĸ·һֱա
Сްֻǲǻˣᵽ˹˾ȥҲЩǮһµģһ绰ġһֱںĬֲֵܳлĬĬſʡµǮЩʲôҲԳէ˸൱õĸйۡ
·̺ܿˣ˾ؿʱࡣܴ־ֱȥ˲ң֧ǧԪȻ˵óؼϢǮŹȥƶӪҵЩѣ˲ٿĺԼȻȥƳǰٻ¥ѡ˸ɵĴֺǺǵ˻ؼҵĹ
εƤ𪣬ԵñĶرӨְٿᣬǵʱ򾭳ȥɺӴ⸱ʱԼԼŪʱϵĽߣֵĶˡƿţһܰϢȻѾﻹůֲŻЬ߼Ϳ輸϶һྺõĹʣŹʵİֽдżоּϹԹԵİЩӳԵ磬ҲҪҪȡš
ԼΪ˷ֹ䴩֮ǴӲϹƵġ罺ʱŨ֣ڼʱǾԷдƺֽͷһů΢ЦץڳˣֽεĵطһڣתȥæʰСˡ׷ɳϣĶ׷ζתǰֵֻ
ϸεյʱһµƻֻεΪʡǮԹ˾Ƶֻײ㹻ΪɣûֿԵĿҵֻżҪʱСʱǮáִ򿪵ԣϣȻԼһֱǹžɵֻѺѽһ㣬Ȼ֪µǻۻˣɱװЩʲôѳζǰ죬ϡεͬǸ΢ŵĶòƺܺ档΢صֻ̹·һֱõֻ۾о
ûãȻ磬ȥϾҪӡֵӣѰ˼Ŵ绰ûдɡߵ绰սͨ绰һ̶ڼʱǸĺͿģɴųЦĬĬҡͷӵĵ绰ԼգȡδʾȻûаӵ΢źԼ΢
ֵ㿪ӵ΢ţȴ֪ȥ΢ź롣ҷң¼ǰ
Сɧ´μʱһ
~ ҪֻˣƤӣҵҪſûϴô
ָоԼϵѪˣ
εҽϣⲻƽΪֹϣ޼ʱҲǲԽ׳ذ벽ǵʱֱεһĵıѿ˵˾䡸С꾫εûǴҾ챣֤ٲ˵ΪЦԺֶεǳȫڡװġȱ׼ϣڴȵ׹ػʱҲ⣬ε㡢֮¡
ֿǰ΢ż¼Ǹ۵ġСɧԼȫ̽ȴܻӭĻشͬվ˱ѩش˸¡˼ֻŻԭԼҲ˵Ĭ˼䡸ۻˣۻˡٶȥ
̶̼·ȴߵּ˴βȻ˷ӿΡԼڻӣǸһֶ졢ڴһֱɬͬŮĴŮˣǸϲ顢֪µͷֿȻЦʼΪԼ۾Ȼ˿ЦΪδ뵽һԼȻʱڶ塢ˡԼղſģԼۻ֮еĲʵΡҳϡ
֣㿴ˣ°뱲ҲԼӣһĬĬظԼһٶֻֻһɲǣֻȻһһ΢Ųڶ
ֲŵ㿪һֳ״ݻϣ
СɧСĵ㣬ɱϹ֣пҵĴ󼦰ɣ
ָоȫµǱ¼һȫȥҲһƬհףֻʣ΢ż¼ûɵһİ˵ף˺ѷεؿЦ׻ֱͦͦصڴߣǱһֺֻݺݵ߬סʹԺ𣬲ȴ侲˼eͷҪը
ڴߣͷȼ䣬ֱҲ֪˶ãſںȻתһæҵؽֻŻԭ˴۾װ˯
һεſڻЬ£µ۽ǲܿƵʪУܶ޻£Ҳߵغͱ˵ԼʹؾϡµͷȴѡΪųӱܷʽԣ·ԼǷһ֪Լܡ
εŵ׷εεغ֣Ķһ˻ûж㿪ʼѰҡֺڴϣͬһĺӰƤͷߵߣؽӸϡ΢СֻظĶͷգϹú˯ɣȥ㣡
ǿӵĳ嶯˫ۣµ˫ȴܿƵ΢΢ӾϷԼؼװ˯ʱεͻƺϹȻͻȻԾ𣬱סһϷۡǣͱ˴Ρ˼֮Ժôܽⷬ硢ûһ˿ֺȻİ಻֪Լ桢ּ٣֪Լʲô
εֺ޶ΪΪ۶˯˹ȥΪҴҴǣΪӾҪȥɵ˿εϲءһȻվԭزˡ̶绰̫ˣһΪڹˣ
ֻݣһನδεɻطףȻþ֪϶ӷ΢ѾԼǲ֪شֲۣۺκͺ˼ǾۺĬĬţȥԼ޷ԵʵʱţĿ·һ㣬Ҫƽʱ
죬ֻεյءһȻવذֻ˳ȥһ̶ϲ˿̱ϯ˼ӹѹ͵ιأ
ֵһϸϸšεСҲĶ
Ժܱ΢ôղŷ΢Űֿܶˣҿ˰ƤЦᣡҽֻ˵ˣȴ۸ңҸ㣬Ժ͵͵ģҲ㡣Ҫ΢﹫åҾͣҾͣҾ͡
εԽԽСԽԽģֵŭ𽥽ֱ顣εвΪʱѾվźסŰ֡ѾһУȴ֪òš֮š
ε˵Ҿ֮͡˳ĳĬڵ粻һӵĳĬ׹ȥֻϵ΢ż¼Ӵʱ֤ͨʵʵӱֻܾˡ
ֻתбŵһΪʲôҪȥ͵ˡѾںڣȻεȵʵʲô飿˵ңڼء졭㣬ٴӳòã
绰ͷֶУͬɾ޴ĵֵѭ̼ͬҲջץ֣ݺݺݵҧסֹ֮ײεҲû˵ֻǼ򵥵Ӧŵ˵绰̤̤ȥ˳Ȼ˼ͬٴο΢ż¼ȷʵʱһڴϡ
ײ࣬ε˳ִ򿪵ĵӿʼԤ͵ţ¥µӶ˵٣¥˵˵ЦЦػؼҡƺ綼ʻޱȣֻһƬšҲֻǹ˼룬Ҳǹһͣҵűƿε˼žԷɣԵźŹ
ԴȷϵһֱΪεЦõֻҪЦգٶίٶƣۣһ˲ɢʱľľȻ̧ͷٴμʥҩ΢ЦĵĲ⡢ߺ޺ͱȴûĸɾͷƲȥ
ε˶٣ֻػæǰߣеʵôˣôǲǷˣ˳̬ǣȴȫȷомġһץסӵ֣ӦѿڶʱĶںԳڡעε˫ۣܺ˵ЩʲôǴεظһ汾Ҳͺޱˡεȴͷһƫֵܿ۹⣬˵Էɣ극ԵðҩЩ˯Ūˣ˵꣬ҲƵ뿪˷䡣
֪εǸó˵ѵˣǸˡ˽һԼȻǸʲô¶̹棬һãǴûй飬οѲµֿ΢ţȻ˵ŭȴת˳޵ĬĬ㾿ǺηʥȻҵƭģҸ㣬һҪ
һٷֳĬԵͬʳζεӵһͷŤͷƽȻʰ꣬ԡȥϴ裬ͬԡڲ߰ƻж֪أﵹƽࡣʱεհ㽫˯´룬ԡҡȥҵس˸裬ɳңͣػ̨ԺʲŵļƻȫƵĸһŽﻹŵƣȴûһ˿Ҳ֪εѾ˯¡
̨ƽ𵵾缯ȺƬβʱҴһԡʶתͷȥֻεһɫĵ˯ȹ˫Ƚվſڡŵ˫ߺӡŤ˫磬ͬĳһֱȻ˯¿ȥӾµĲ£û֣鷿ѳųС͹𣬸˯±档鹵޳Ⱥϸ֬СѾȫ¶⣬˯µĺɫĵøס


02
һôãε˴žٶĵͷһΡǰӣεȽݣȻ˵ѹ·ڱﺰֽȥˣ㱻ڴϵǡ룬ͳŮ£ƶ϶໻һͬһʽžɶϡεСܵĽΪŮµͬ߳ܺͲࡣ
Ҳ˼ŻɫƬεѧѧĻ˼۾˱ܲյظҲЩ̬ĶΣֻա˶»֮ҹųĥʱҲõ
ִ˿̼ͻƳ߶ȵĴźͱֻ֣÷ڵ¶ȶȻ࣬ԼĺҲʼڣ΢ŵȴͷ꣬Ĵѹסһʱ˽Բá
ε˺ôԼ£ȴһֱɷ̧ͷְֱĿԼ治ø㿴࣬οģ˵꣬˦תҡ
ε仰ؽֵĶ䣬ø㿴һؿڣһӽĽͷųԶƵķŭͿɬǰʼӴԸ˯һǰɦŪ˵龰뿴ԸֲһѵԼ·һȥ
ҿҪ˭Ȼ㲻ҵŮҵ䱦ȥȥҾ֪֪ҵ
߽ҵʱѾ塣ε˯ѵһ롢ʣæ½Ƴεƽ̹СµéݣּңоûɵЩ⡣һѽε§ڻ˼ڣһѽƵڴϡ
εվǽ˷䣬ˣȴֱľٶŵһקڸǣһԹôô᣿ȥѵƹˣ
գּεˣͬʥּ˿ȴŭװʲôװȻӵѹϡ
εûܹԼɷԴһʱЩɵַֿ˫ȲŤʾͷŤ̫С͸޹ǵӴֵϣӼֵķŭԡ
ȫֿڱתлӣȴεСʹȵĥѸٵ״ŭ֮׷𣬴ʹͣѰҿɿйĶε˯±ƣҲڱβס͹塣Բ˫бɸֲ֮ܳΪ״״Өļҧºܿٺ촦
εʹϵؾֶܾУһĺŽǣ䱾׷εľתΪңȴʹָ£ֱͦˣĴӵ塣
εδ󻬣ĳߴίʵ׳˶һȥоͥػ»֮ҹǰһͣɬֱ룬ˬޱȡεྭᣬδܹ˴ֱֻ֮״˺ѣʹ֡
֣Ūˣͣ£
εȴδţֻЦһδͣûãͨĵطʪˮžžġڶεɣзŭʹȴΪͬƽĽġ
ڶУŭͷִӽϴĨһѣǰʵʲôţѵ㲻ôҾ֪һֱںװӣҾ֪㡭㡭
һؿڣֱӱ򱳵µĻȴҲ˵ڣֻðشĶԽԽ󣬵ץסεʣ׮һû
εԳ̥ҲδܹҹĴֱԴίʵŵòᡣʩΪ߾һԼ谮мӡԼɷ򣬸ѹ֮ȣȼشʹɺԲơָǹԴζһӯıǻʹԼĲһ壬޼ƿʩ֮£ֻôӽкʹתĬĬᣬʧƵŤ׵ɷʩΪ
ִδԹҹзʣ֮Ҳʲô⡣ӳʱмŭ֧ţӲֻᣬֿϵĺߺ˫ϵӡаЩڡһйҲˣڡϢһʧӿͷ
һƬǽ壬̾ȥҪͬȽʱһȥգȻۻ˭֪εͷһתҲŤһֻ࣬˸⻬ı
һҪչȥ´渧οȴֵ붼ŭĲԥԹȥϴϴ;һϣӳһšţŷѾ淴ˡ
ãջ㬵طԼȥһңڴϷȥӱͷֽӶһţ֪˶òŻ˯ȥڼ伸оѣּǿԼ˯£ԺУһҲ֪ﻹʵֱйƮǻѹһεЬѾطЬϣûӰ
ֹ˲ϴ·ҲšԶԶĿε˹һҧִ⳵;׺ں档εڹ߳³վ³ͬ²ķǿջЦһͬд¥šֲҸ̫һֱȵŮ˵ݣŽŴһ¥
д¥ڵĽȺְֹĹ˾ģʱʮ¥һΪ˾İ칫ص㣬ǰ̨ڵŶ棬֮òǽֲ򵥵ĸȥһĿȻ򵥵ֲʧɣֻܼ༶ľǽ˵İ칫ҡ
ֲʱͷۺϲһλӣεڵ²мƫһЩλãǲˮ䡣Ҫܹ˾Ƶᣬûóֵ˿Уűڲˮתƣʱʱ͵²ӵΡ
εȥûʲôһļææµµż΢Цźͬ˵ϼ仰ֻڶʱϲŻЩƣ飬ȻҹҲû˯á
ҹʱѾϸطε°ͻؼңӦҲͬ¾۲͡żӰ࣬ԼҲڹ˾¥µİٻ̳Ž˳Ķʮа˾ǹ˾ˡεǸ˶ԼֻҪԼڹ˾ľٶһᷢЩ˿˵ܽһٳܡ
ǽ֮һξ룬ԲּûעԼǽεһֲŵ绰װͨʵ͵ǽںйصεļ绰ǹ绰û˿ɡֻǺܼ칫ҵʱЩʱȹڣƺЩҡ
ܼԣʮ꣬һ˿۾˹˹ĵӣǸ飬Ƿмӡּ̬ԣüͷһ壬ҪʹȷѾҵʱελڵǸʮСøϣ˷ļֵʱ֪⻹⣬һε⣬εͷЦЦ
Կʡ໬ս˾ʱûʲô飬εܶæһֱǰĺεҲڼҶ˵껵ķȤ
񲿵ڲгĶŹ㡭ڲˮСʱĸεйӴͬ¶ǲ̫
ķҵڲˮĥһʱ⣬λϵεһֱŵϵıɾɾĸģûһϵֻлǲԼ˵绰ݵʱԼֻȻһʾǳ½ܡ첽뿪ˮ䣬һԼλߣһ绰
ιСܣʲô£־ԼԵ졣
ָ磬ɩʲôİ𣿡½һֱֱȥӡ
ûаôˣҪǳԷ
룡һ룡½ܲ˼ػشЦЦŵ·Сˮڶˡղһؼҿ¥ſ֪ͨ˵ǵ޺áҼҽûëǰɾÿϴ裬ȻҪָøˡѰ˼ǸҲûˣ綼żһԸȻȥϴԡݸ裬Ͼͱȥˡ
½ֵԺ뵽ľǿʲôó˵ԸϲľĹûаֺøУǺֵܳ½ȢԼǰӦȤǷ½ܶԽԸҲЩգȴĴκʹϵĳղŪǰǾ
ֱǶ˵Ļ²̫ã³½ܽסԺӣ˻󼸸һֱ罺ᡢۣҲû˵ʲôֻǰ¾ģгһսԲ½ܣԼһҪÿû뵽˼СڻмӣԼĺԺ˻뵽ɵĬĬҡͷ
绰ͷĳ½ûжСʵָ磬û°ɣ
ַӦ˸˵ɶ£밡ɩӲϲȥϴԡֵط˵Ҳ̫ˣһͬײ鷳ˡͽҼҰɣˣĸԡԹƣĻ졣ҲͱؼˣҲеط˯
½ܻȻֺε£ּԼæشӦʲôҪŹ˵绰ȥ̫ɹԥ죬ָֻε˸绰֪εֻءšһʾ֪ȻһֱĬȴҲûҶϡ
֪ǱʾԸͺãڵ˵ʱżִ˫侲˭˭ǸֲԵʱεǻظǸĻᣬΪ顣ŵ绰þûгԼţȴֶӴʱһ˵ֱ׳еɻ
绰˵û¶ȣŽ̡˫ӹͨ˶ţ˭Ҳ֪ôֻʱһһߡ
ָ磬ţȥ칫һˡ
ۺϲͬµĳִֺε֮κƽ⡣ظطٹ˵绰ͬкһܾſڡվšܿ촫Դϵ
ţڿϰ̨ͷʲôĶЩݷϸܵĺ顣
ܣң𾴵طʡ
Ŷְ̧ͷҲûǰŲŲһָűߵɳ
ԣǷáܼнǺһЦг˼ҳԼԼ˱ˮͣϵĻ˫˵֣ҳէƳҲûʲôѣ׽أֻҴ̡ܲҲᣬҺӴ˼ΣСӺҲڿ̤ʵ˾Щˣ
˵Ȼͣ˿ڣ˶٣ȻʲôƵʵ²ĵҲƳǷֹ˾ԪϼԱˣԼƽڹ˾Եô
Լ˼ЩСæӦû㲻ҽʮͬձ꣬϶ളꡣǴ磬ϵĶС
ܵͷǾͺãԺҺúøɣܲƳǣʱչֹ˾ƳǱϾǸ߳УȲô˲ŶࡣأϲҲòšϣԺǽӡ˼𣿡
ĻܲףϲƵĵͷллܣһúøչֻûѧС
ܴĻںذ˰֣ѧ⣬ǣúñְɣüһַֻ£΢ת̫Ҳáʱ㻹רְ˾еʱһల۲гܡõģúѧţʱ죬һо˳Ȼˡ
ִϲվͷ˸ϹҾллˣһŬʧ
ʾ£ְǰŲŲ֪ϥǻƤЬײϰ̨ˡһ졣¿˿̧ͷ˵ˣһм£æ
ҡͷǫãЦЦ˽£ȷʵҪæģԭǱߵĹһʱõûиҹҸĸһֱǷͬסҲڼºìܣԾ͸ƳǡҶүү̿ģһ̶벻ڼŵҪû취ҿֻҲסˡ꣬׶԰ҲϤߣҿһҲ׶԰
½ܵĹùþƳõǼ׶԰԰ȻڴӦؽ˵ϡ˽Դϲǣ΢ЦĿ뿪ŵһְס˾䣺㿪µԺͲûؿˣзöҵˣóʱֱ㡣
ָмӦȥխŷֲܺСײϰ̨˻һۿαϡ
뿪ܰ칫ңպõ°ʱ䡣ͬǶۼǰ̨ŶӴ뿪鵽εҲͬһڴ򿨻ǰȴ̸Ц֮ŵʧ䣬ղܰ칫ĸ˾һȥ˴롣ǿͬ¿ЦװؽεͼŮͬ¿˹ȥ
Ϊεƽڹ˾ٺŮͬнʱ˱ִҵҲϰΪǩĺͬǲʱƣ򿨡׼ϵ뿪ʱȻ˼һŮƤ˵ָ磡˶кôͲأ


03
ػͷһϲüۺЦؿԼֲ̡ܵҵܴܲΨһһţȴֲ̫Ů˽ʣֻѧƽЩͻͬµתЦѽѽȻûôŮߣ˵۾һֱ飬ش˲ǣ
̼鶯Ӳƫƫȴǵ٩һЦ˵ԺԿ°ˣô΢΢ͷֽ˵ɲһؼҰĵط빫˾Զᵢ̫õġ
ղڰ칫Ȼûôἰ̣̬ȻޱεģùϵԺĹܵξкôɿתתͷȻȻˣ֮أ
̼ƻóѣͷ߰ɣµؿ⡣Ҫʻô˵꣬ȥ˵ݺаťֻͷɨһۣͬ¶ЦŮͬ´ʩۡεվȺУһ˲˲ע˫ؿΪļض΢΢ǿԼҲ˲㺮˪
ڹ˾ûкŮͬôܵؽҲûлῴǼʰŭı顣ЩڣЩģֱĿС˺ģѹȥ¥°ٻӴ绰͵ĳ嶯׷̽ͨؿĵݣݳȥ
̵ԸһûСŮЦΡڸʻϵ촽ݣ壬ָ硹ʱɤ壬Ūһһĵεֵĳһ־һֱŮҲѡͬ¡һŮӴôǳεĵһΡŵȺƵĻᣬŤͷ˿̣Ȼðͷ
ô꣬һֱεǲǿˣ
ͷų־ĵװԼ뷨Լӵĸ顣תһУ־Լȷʵɵÿԡ
̼ŤͷԼҲŤͷ󷽷ĺӡһЦָ磬û̵Ŷ
ַԼʧ̬˼ظЦҵ·̿ͷһᣬЦ찡ټأҺúÿ
ԸΣϵ糺Ҳǰƺϲȵӣ·ͣȤЦǰϡȻסֵһһ෴򣬵ھ빫˾ĲԶûóӾ͵¥¡³ų֣ʣָ磬ϻ᲻ң
̵ְҵװ洩һŮʽſӶûϵֱӵʱ鹵Ѿ֣ʱǴйֱŰ׻˫ۣһʱⶼ˻ش˳ֵ۹⿴ԼǰæˣЦ᡹Ҳش𣬾ͰЦ˵ϰ˵ʮҾ㡣·СĿ˵꣬ϳţ¥
ĿȵӰʧӣתһ·ϣЦݡ鹵ƵﲻͣػءӦŮ˵ľ̫٣ò׼ǶԼ˼ǵͬСԼȴ̫ˣĥĥȥҲò׼Ǹʲô˼Լ¥£³߬ŵĳԿף˽Լ̸ܣȻһ̽Լ̰̰ɫİɣƯֿôôңһıѾ̫ˣԺҪһУΪܿˣ
ö⣬ŲҲ࣬ʮ¥ݺܿͱԺ󡣸ߵԼſڣѾ̸Цһ½ܺͽȻѾˣڳεһϴˡ죬ͷֽţڵкϴֳԷͺͳ½ܵļңֲ͵Ŀһ
̹򵥣ĸһæ˻ᣬ̵ľͶ½ܴƿ³ǲİգֺԼһ󱭣ֲĵĸŮ˸ԵЩĸ˱߳Աߺȣƺȡֺͳ½ƱյЩʱȤ£ʱǰգΪҲСź˰뱭ûʲôоµزʱһ졣εմƾͣ˼Сڣͷ͸оЩΡɷԼ׺ģ°ʱ̵ܾٶһʱЩ˻ͣ˿һߵͷ
εԱߣε̽ͷȥ˿ſʵôˣǲ۸ˣ
εѹһͷ룬ɵñһᣬЩգ˼ֹסȴȦѺ죬һͣдתŲεһסһֳֻֽᣬžƾ˵ˣŮ˾࣡Ҽ޵˾֪ƭңǰӦķӳȫûӰסƵطͣˮͣ磬ûʱֶ㵹ǰ˳Ҳд֣ȴ˸ʲô顣ĸŮ˲Ҫλû񣬼޵ķģ˵̧ͷתֵ޵͵͵ģѾίĲίˣҪǶã𣿡
£εȷʵ˺ôǸΣԼҲǳΡӲԵɣȴֲԸӳļҳظﲻζͷһƫ˿ڳƽǡ½ܼ棬æ߽˰㣡һȾƾͺ˵˵ģ
мص˳½һۣû˵浤˵乫ôˣų۸ֻԼᡣҪƢһŰߵȥˣ
ģ½ȴ˼¡ǰϣΪûܰѽɵ߳ԼˣԱһ´ʱЦճڴϴսٻغϣǶԲԼŮн١ʱ𣬳½ܵĻðɸߣһӣŭǲǼûʰ㣬ƤٸҶԣ
½ֱƢҲ𱬣ȴǸϸ˶˿̼˸λһת֪£־ѸǰӣЩ²̨Ǳܶ𣬵ͷε˶У´ǡߣȥ˵Щ强ԺɣҲʰԼŪȥεΣҲ½ΪԼͷӦŮǣֽСңһأ˸
½ܵӣװ˼䣬ٲֺ˼һֱСʵָ磬ôˣĺɩӳ
ּ½ʵУ֪ĵԼ˰죬ǰʵֻѽ̸̴ڨεڳϵıЩѧһ顣ʵ˵һûǮûȨô˴ҹ̾̽ҵģ˵أ
½εֻСŮ˵Ķʼľͷ˴롣仰񿴹´һоһЦָ磬۲ôװİ
Ȼʲô˼
½ơٱ˿ھȻһװĸͷ⿡ʣĹ˾ƳһҲֿ˰µϣ˾ܰ㵱š㻹ôѽŤͷ˿СҵķתͷأһϴʱҿǶҵĶһˡĽŮĽడҺ˵ҲıɩˣȻٺ١һǰ˲ʮأֻɩһҪǰϽģڻأֵܣ˵ôõıǮ˰
˳½ܵĻ˼½򣺡ŮҪģ˵ûҲˡָ㲻̫ɩӵ£һ壬ͺˡַһվеһϧû¡
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ĶŲһһػ췢¡Сûþͣתεｻ档ָоⲻͣϳ壬ͷһȣ˴ҡεſڴߣҲɵ˱ӸסԼͷֱӽһ½£Ȼ΢ŵļ¼ǰкÿڣںûý׼Լһ£ǰ̹˽ţȴԳܵĴ˿̼ε˲뽻̬ȣŭȴǱܵһʱһʱɡ֪࣬־࣬һƬҡ̾˿ţڴһ£˯ȥ
ε£Ҳһ̾ƳûʲôѣȦֲֻÿͬΪ£ҺͬܡǺܣҲҰ͸¶ֶǧʱвʲôһû˵ѸоϢĹ¶ѹǷƽգҲǿϽģŮʵ̫ḡɽ콭Ļػȴм㣬Щ֪֮Сղ˵ЩȵĽָֻķӣͬ˻𡣿Ӧˣط˼ȴɷ򿴴Լ˼ż֪ôãֻɵ˯£˿ȴЩʧ䡣ǿѹеܣĿ˯ˡ
Ų£˯üᣬɾƾԴֻ˯ʼ䣬Ь̤ײԡˮϸЦӣչڼž֪˶ãתͰˮεδ䣬ȻԼڴߣ˼࣬һסҡҡͷɻأȻUһ죬űһ˻ƿ
ŸոձƿʱֻΪǳ½ܡŽһ縡͹Ӱ·ӳǰĵذϣһӾ˾ơǽҹεôŮ˵Ҫʲô
תķɿ죬ȴŹ̶һ΢˫ۣ뿴ҪЩʲôϣ΢Ĺһ£ûȥεŵֱԼ߹öǱȴ˿ԥȶ£ûжȻȻһֻ˱
ҵֵСȴһӴֲ֪û·̾һֲľôȥ֣ͣͣû˼ǽһᣬһֻҲ˱ͼؽֵĿ
ǳ׵ױĶžˡ֪Ů򿪷ţȴôҲ벻ȻҹԼɷѵĿοε˯ڴһߡ촽ּ߽˼ϣܰѽߡɽֻǶڵϣһؾȴûаֳȥ˼ֲ£ĻĸԺ϶Ҳûа취ദܺ߾õֵܡýԼѾˣСľǺƲ޶£ǲ롣
Ѱ˼Ĺ򣬽û˶Ѿ˫ʼЩСָڿ㸧ŵǵεǴָοֵϹߵģַ벻ĴãȻǿŲӲվӲ֮ܿһֻſſëëһŭۼҪڿͦڿ֮С
овΡΡһԲ޷ƿأɵۣ̾ĺôһȻˣ˵Ļһٶʮ棡ţȴ˸һ½ܾȻ¶ͽ˵ˣʱֹĪǣҵļһҲǳ½СģһˣȻĻôĵӣɳ½ܾôģҲǿô
תŸʣȻýԼȼַֻ˵³˳ѾԼ϶ڿ㣬ַ˷ŵĿȣѹͷһСξ¶档ۿŽͷҪͷԼ̽Ȼ˯һߵεһҡҡλε
ִ󾪣ӲǸʱȥεһҲ˵ĵİͷŤεǱߣֻڴͣ˼룬µشЬߡͬʱָоԼֻҲػ֪ȥʲôط
ְ۹ۼεϣ߶תͷĿεң۾˳һ泯ſڵϣûע⵽ԼĶɰ˿Ϊʱ͵͵Լķ䣬Ļĵ֮áһֱȵεŵҲʲô
ļ٣޲һŰѽ߳ȥɽƫƫڵǲ뿪ΣյĵطֺȻб¶͹ͷȻ򣬸æ˯˵ӣ߿ɳһ̫֣ѧ΢һйȻ˽£ֻɿѸٵؽڿԭλҲƵܳ䡣СҵŸոձϣʹˮֳһŵװ˯εط泯ڴţվڴ߾ؿһᣬȻȽţΪǺñӣϴ£ȴþû˯šһߣҲ۾ߡСôﹲ˴ȴ֪ԷҲ԰ޡ


04
峿½سȥͽһźֺε𴲡֪εÿ춼Ҫɾڿ㣬㿪¹ȡεֽˣﶼЩɶ˵ʱȴѾȥֻһ̾
ĸͬεСǳਡ˼½̻ʡƺ֪ԣ޲ðһ˫۳ϡֲ˼ڣֻʳ֪ζֻʱÿЩ
ͣĸʰ׵һͬ¥ִ򿪳ţҪͳ½ܺͽһΡ½ֱֿܴ׵ҳôûܹµأһҪʣôôһ˫أȴֲñֳʲôͿĴ򿪳ţȥ̧ͷεվһߣһ紵Ե½һָ֣磬ɶأɩϳһ߰
ָҪ죬Ȼܱͬ¿üԥĵڣεѾڵˣһɣ˵ͽ˰֣Ȼִڷ¶ȥ½ܺ˼ҲûлͷֿӵıӰȻһֲԤУֻͣһ˲ʧ
ͬҺýϰĵطȵȥΡ·ͳ½٩ЩеûģȥҹùΪܶ԰˵λſڷתع˾Ƴǽͨ״һ򻹺ã䶵תȴۺϲ£ԺֳָǹµıӰ˱ֱˮ䣬ȴǰʮֵļӷһݱġ
һߣһ²ӵķ¹¼ϣȴһˡΪεһȥİ칫ңӵĻңżæͷһû񣬶صؿ˲ǽϡ²Ŀⶼۼϣӣ뷢һЦЦСֲŷֱһرЦǴӲˮſڴġתͷһŮ˲վڲˮſڡЦεۺеؿԼ
ֿ˹̼ߵ״ָ̿磬۰ɣ˭ϲȥңҲıӦɣںСʱİ
⼸仰ôСŮ˵˸ʮ㣬Ūֲ֪Ǻã˰Ҳû˵ʲôֻͷɵЦ̼֪룬Ǳ䱾Լ緹Ѿ˼ȲҲмƵ⣬æվܾͷӦʡ緹ʱ䣬Ϳ˵˻ؼٷȥˮſѰεȴﻹӰ
ֽˮ˱ȣ׼հأܰѵ绰ֻϣóӣԼȥѲӳ¿¥̵̡תһȦ׼ӹԱİȫñһأܺȻ˿ӴʮһˣٽذɣȻ˳
س·ϣƺ鲻һ·̸˵ءãͰѻתֵ״̬ͼͥϡСŻشԼһ¶˺ε顣ʵ⿴ңʵʮϸֵֶĸмѾʼǲѾ֪Լµ£ȴû׷ʡӽ˵ؿ⣬ӾܵҲ˺ڰ֮СһĬ֮ܺȻʵ֣֪֪Ϊʲô֮ǰ˾
룬ʵش𣺡֪
ܺȻЦȻ˵Ϊ̡
˵ȻǴ˺ŨĳǰЦȴƺЩΡһ֪⻰ôӡһ·ϵʻ仰ĻôоǸŮѡѡǵһ䣬ȴǸζ
̲Լ緹ôֲܼ˸Ƿʳôһ䡣ְѳͣãּ˵ĩû£ųתת֮ǰҿ˵ƳҪŪҰ԰֪ûС˿һ£ÿ춼æֻǹ˾ԱߵƳǼ˵Żϳˣһڳ
һͷˮȻ֪̲ܵ˼ƣﷴЩ³ųŵ˸̣Ѱ˼̵ܺͲԼ̵̬ȣӦݡϿֱܵϵ¼пܵŮܵ׾죬ҲܵܵĻиζأϸҵļͥ״ĪϣһֻҼ棬ദǲࡣοҼͥûʵԼڹ˾ҲҪ磬ףΪʲôأѵΪ½˵Ӣ⣿
뵽ԼԼĶġҡҡͷԳЦЦȻ½ܺ˵Լһ£ҹǱҵ״˳ʱֻþգȴȫޡǰӿĲκԼСȴδɵĶﲻЩתݣָ̧ԼһǶ⣬̵ڵϣݺݲ𣬾ֱ˵ݡ
벻ͨ£ɴȲҪ룡
ֿŵʾϲͣ任֣ҿʮŲ㣬ſһȥʳóԷͬ¾˽־ܾͬȥ룬µݻذ칫ҡתǣ̸պôӹһӭ߹ԶԶؾͶЦָ磬ѾˣƳóԵĵطǺ緹ׯɱƭŶ
ֿЦҲûƭ㰡
ȻһЦǾͺã߰ɣ˵粻óˣ
иղܵǷף˿Ҳ̵ĻͻأֻǺ緹ׯƷѣ۸ȴȻƳǱˣԴԺ󣬾ҲûȥˡңԽ־ͰѹʿεԼֻٿüȼʱҪȥ緹ׯ߬߬㶵ļųƱЩġҸ뿪ȥĸͬ輸ëүүţѾһ˵ˣ߰ɣҶˡ˵꣬õصˡ
˼ֻںĥ䣬Сһָ磬㣬أ
ΣֻӲͷƤȥ
緹ׯ͹˾¥һϣһ·ܿ͵ĿĵءׯĲʲôʲƷʷȴƾãӪҵ¥װľǷ㣬ׯϯڴһõȡ̵һʲôʣǡֿʼһһش𣬺ʵڼܲסⱦֻüȤӺǶǽϵֻڹ۵С۵Ļ
ڣԱõһ¥ҲƫףҲǫãĲһ˸ʽȫִһ㣬ԼǮȻʣ϶ǲˣһʹʱƷ½½־к̳ԶȴӵһҪѯʣֻѾشӶͳֻƷĲһƬ
ĵĲֺתۿһֱԼ˻еֻʣ΢
ҡҡͷ
ʣ΢ţ
ϰԵҡҡͷ
Ʋ죺󣡡
ҡͷԼҲ΢ŵˣƲ죬æߵ΢Уˣ
ЦҲŲţó֤
ִӶͳֻݸ̡̽ӹһһֻһŪȻȻߣʮȽǾԼֻ˵~~ӡ
̿ļֵĸ첲ǳɫĳ䵽ıǼͲٿȥֵıǻŵ㲨ζƺ΢ɲŮ㡣̵ͣ۲༸׵ĵطƺܿϵϸϸëֺȻоŮʻ鶯һʱ侹Щˡ
һţЧãֽŲһţȻ˵ػصԼλϿЧſţһЦ˳ֻǰ˵ָ磬
ŻһֻƬЦ绨ԼȻžͷ۾ȴбߵ̡۹ڿ͵̵鹵Ȼæɾˣհɣ
ЦְֻŪһ£Ȼֵֻݻ۾˵ҾҪţ˿ԼֻЦѲͽһѹڲ棬ʣಿ̺ã˵УҸոհȦƴŶ
ûȦʲôǡƴȴװףպȽĲûǰ̲棬ӲһݺӳԳţŵļƣ˵ˣȴҲٲȻһλҹ㡣۾Ͷķе㱣֪ǲԼˡСϵͷʾȫûעֵĳԾ˿ϺƬŽϸϸˣòͽմմʵָ磬ҪҪƣ
ָæͷҡ绹ϰأ˾й涨ϰʱ䲻ܺȾ㲻֪ô
̺ÿǣ˫һ˵Ҳǣ˶Ҽһƿþƣȡ
һٴҡȳ٣¶顣
̻벻ءšһû˵רעеʳһᣬȥ䡣˵꣬Ť틖õˡûãȴûֻ꣬ǿֳԶֱò˼¿ʵԱô̵ͷ˷Ա׼ˡЦЦ߰ɣˡ
Ȼ˵ģô򵥣ǮҸɣ
ЦЦҲŲҪǮסǷ٣ʱҪ㻹Ŷ˵꣬ͷʾ֣߰ɣ
ֲ죬ѿʵô٣Ҷ٣ƭҡ
Цһ۵ָȴû룬һ١Ҹñȴ㣬١˵תߡֺ棬ں󼸲׷ʵ˵٣̰һۣŭϢ
һ·ϣһֱŴ⣬˼Ҳ֪Щʲô⣬˳ĬŻ˹˾˾ʱѾϰʱ䡣ǰ̨֪Ѿȥ˹أֶűܵ˲ˮ䡣磬εںͷһļƻ飬껺˵˼λûô˵ᡣǽ⾲ؿӣҹһجΡ
ܿ죬ֵ°ʱ䡣е̣Թڰ칫ûߡѾ˰СʱŹص뿪¥ģѾһӰֻмյӦƺͳҹƻšߵݿڣȻ°ʱе˾ڣҲ֪ڹûл绰ҳܵĺ룬׼ѯòԼȥӣɵ绰ȴѹػʾ
룬׼ȥؿϾԼܵרְ˾Ϊ˽ûкһҲְ̫绰ӵĺ룬֪ԼҪءӾҲ˻ֻֿȷźûκ⣬Щơʱݵˣһ졣ͬʱ֪ʲôطƮһŮӡֵĶ
е㻳Լǲˣɴŵĵлرգֻ˶һվ˴Լһӵӣһ΢ƺԶ˻صǰ̨ҿ˿ԼǱһƬڣ²ǱߵĺڰƺһСƬԲĹֻ΢ţ￩һ£ܹȥεϵʾţȴӰ
ת²˿İ칫ңںûҲûܽˮԵϢңɵޡεϵʾеҲͬ㲻ϵر任档ʱһγ֡صȻЩԱǰʱ˺ܶࡣֺȻ뵽һܣ̲ס˸䣬ͷת˹ͷܾ칫ҡ
ܶұֳʶΡøΪԺΣԲŸҵĲһܾ칫߹ȥֻֻǧ˼ȴޱͨ͸˵ҪңҲ޷׷εĹͿ޼ɵŪҵţǡǡ
Ȼһж͵ͨˣʵ޷緹ʱǸøԡЦֵŮͬСϵһ𡣱ͬε졢͵һ˼飬һԶڷһжֵ֪ͳܷΧ˿ÿһͻһ֣ԸҲȥԵġ
ܾҵžǰŷûй͸ֵȻľš¥̳ɡ칫װ޵ʱڹ˾ˣ֪ܾһССϢ䣬ʲôġ֣ȥ˻֪࣬ȴֺǲпһĻǰʧȥİˣҸļͥĹԼͼ֡
ֻԥŮ˵ѴӰ칫ٶϮֻЩƣǱס졣һ˵ͳݡ־ؿʲôסˣһķƣſڵĺȴ泩
ִһǰεȻ겻ͬεѹŵ˻ʹֵ񲻳ڴϱҪܵεȴ̼ܷҰްץסǸˣһȭһȭ治ɱ桢Ѫɡ
˼ס˫ֵĲƿ칫ҵţһǵ̸ʱɳļнһ߶˴߶ˡ


05
Ϣųһȭķ϶͸ĵƹ⣬˳һ֡ʱܵϢﴫ˳·Щ
Сɧ治
Сɧƺ˲εֻе΢ݣŭֱǡ˽еˣҪŶ롣̧ŵһ˲䣬Ů˺ȻҰɣ
ֵĶŮ˵ӲֹסȻЩ죬ȴεЩ𡣾ϤȴӲʮɣüͷڵֻ˵˲ôҾƫƫ㣡δ䣬һײžžָĴǳˮŮ˿ڳݲغҪ˻㳤
ﲻԼӣһӷŷԼһ߬˵ĸʪ塣ƵܣŮ˵ݱɽкȻֹڳţϸϸܲڼֻӦñʲôסˣɢԶѡ
ȥ𣬷ֽյ̽ͷŷ￴ֻСһŮ˳壬ȷֵĿģ绨ŷţɼˮɽڵƹԳһƬӨ͸ӵֱס̫ȷʵ
ֻڿ㣬ԷŹŮߣסŮ˵죬ָָŮ˵Уͣ¶
õܴŮӻʳָСָѾŮӵ֮У첲ָĶڶ⿴Ů˵Ҳı顣нȴǹһ˫ȡŵĽűѾЩ׵ĽָԽԽĴˮȫԿĸ߷壬Ҳϵ嶥
Ůӵץܵ󣬲֪ͼŲܵ֡ԱԼУǾܵȻϣЩץŴһ߬סһתֱСϵĽʱʱ֡γһ״壬˫ȼʢŵķۻ佻ӳһˮī
ָܶͣˮҲ֮ԽԽŮ˵Ϊ̴ٵĴϢǰֻ鷿纣˰ʱûԼϸŵĴ֣ʱ¶ʽٵĺӿ಻Ϣ಻Ͼ٣Ϣһߡ
ܼŮ˵ĴϢȻһſǻĳСŬͦαһ乭봲γһһˮָķ϶һ׳ʵı۰ϣһȻһֱɵſڡܺٺһЦŻɸȴǿÿǿһΣὫŮ˴ͬһ뿪ˮڴڡĴˮǽ࣬ȥȻʮ֮Ҳһֱɺԡ
ҲǴ˵еĳɣ
Ѿɵֻۣձ鶯ƬһֱʵԳֻ̬ȡȻһѣҲ֪εԵ̬ȣǾƲģҲûûȤ⴫˵е񼼳ǰ⣬ҲʩΪЩŮƿкˮ֮ӡԺ
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ָܵͣͣͬһ׽鶯ŮӵϸβϴŻʰΪ鳪ΪҺȲʡ޼䣬һһζջͽֵĶ궯ݲǻһա
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ҪҪˣҲҪˣ
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Ů˰һȦŪ˼أȴΪԼ۶רעţŲֺܼŮˣת֮䣬ͦ׼аһЦҪˮˣ
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Ůƺʾ鲻࣬˴׳ǹ׼㡣ÿαܽ룬ɴ˻һְһϢƺڱŶ԰͹֮ϵӽܱ̾Ů˵ıֹĶ𽥼٣Ƶˮ˽ϵĲλײֵĶֱ֣Ԫϡղܡ
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Ů˲Ť壬Цһ䣬ȴܲסɦͷֻҲвУ
ܺٺһЦֶ˶ߣһ˦Ů˵ľջϣȻУ㲻ҾͲٲ㣡ˣҾ͸һƨٻһֻԼѡ
Ů˴ӱǻ﷢ĵʾܾȴʼֻѰ롣û뵽ܻа飬û뵽Ů˾Ȼӡޱ𾪵ʱ򣬿Ȼеɢ𶯡
ֵĹʾҪʱܱҵԼֻ죬Ըɴֻһֱģʽϡ˰Ļ𶯵䲻ȴѾ㹻ˡ
Ů˵ĶԼֻϣּߵûʲôӦȴֵءšһͣ˶ͷŭ˭棿Ϣŷ϶ǳһ˴ֱſڶֻ֪ãҲ룬Ⱦܡ
ּڳܾңһЩˤŷӦԼĿѾ⿪⼸·ʱѾϥϣסԼĽŲҵҪӣַﾹŸ߶ˡˣվܵŭȺһ̫ѾԶһ˫ϵӣһ淢񱼡
˾϶źĵ̺ܾҶ˵̺˵Ϣ˿ܣҲ˵̺Ŀ֪׷жԶܾû׷ֲһͷһܵǰ̨Ҳݣֱӳ¥ݼ䡣¥ݼ䣬ͨˮأֵĽŲͻȻɽ죬űײǽϵҲ
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ֻܿͨˣȴһֱû˽ֵʱƶֻϵ΢ż¼ŵĵԣղɵɵֵԴﴮһղŵжϣԼͰĸйۡı鲦˽ַӣֱԼ
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ѽȰŹϣᱻھӿģεϲʣʵĶɷһȵĶϲޡɻûͷɷļϣѾ˻ֱ㶵ؿ
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㲻˵ûҸ绰𣿡ְֻٵεǰŭʵǼ¼ôûˣûԼʧˣ
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ĺһĻҲǸʲôŮ㲻֪ô
ֶӽĻգ͵뷿ľٶЩ˼ʴ߳ŭε¡ڰ׳֮ﾹ̤ʵ˺ܶࡣ


06
ܵĴεʱϸͽͨԼѵ֤ˣ϶ʱܶʵƣǻ޷ѯʵͬ¡Ȼ̫ϲӺȥϾҪùȥ͵ǧ򱶲ֹ
ֵ˴룬ӹվһߣһֱԼ𡣸˵Щʲôֲεӹֻһ߲һĵ˵ҪӴܱ˴˽ģǰҲоýḡǸѵĺѡ񡣿ĺܺãҲҺܶණҴ֪ǸʲôӵˡŮûôӴҲ֪ʲôӣܸҽһô
ֱε󼸾仰˵ɶͷԣֻ̺ԼźӰһʱ࣬ʶطʵ⡭㡭ôƬ
εֻͷ˼ᣬС˵Լ΢Ȧҫģôң˵ôܣ϶ˡ
ҡô¡־ͿεᣬｹæֽᣬְҪԼ緹½һ顣ڳĻ˵±ĵε⻰˵緹¾ôԼưּ͡ɡ֪Ǻãֻһ˵ԼʲôȦҲͲǸӡ
εҡҡͷ˵ղž͸ң˶²ܾ󲻳ϵġ˵΢ױ¶
Ļû΢ױ¶⼸ֹһֱŵ顣ε̺ԼӰı֣ȻķȴҲӻԼںԼġȻˣԼֺαغ˵΢ż¼Լ΢ϵƬһֻһᣬͺˣ
ȻͰܵĻҲԭԭ˻ΣͲκ
мᶨ⼸ѹȻƺһӹšε̧ͷϹЦЩŭʵô˵ĺܺЦô
ֻعҡҡͷ˿ʵ΢Ǽ¼ô£
εһϺ׽棬˴ʮ˽εʱ״֪µαﲻζӳ¡ԼͷԷȣȻ⻰ô˳޲øԼ⡣΢ż¼棬εһͨ绰֤ôǼٵģֻϧԼ˼⣬ŷһҪӵ˵塣εһм˵ѣһ̹ˣԼɾˣ뵽м˵ѣְԼͿε°һǺͽһҪԼһֱţô˵Щ
ֽε촽⶯һ˲˲˵ǡεԥ죬΢ĵ˵ͷҵһܣܸ㣡
εʵ˸ըףȻһƬհסεֳƬ̣˵ҾáӦҲǶԲ㡭
ֻعʱպðε仰ڶŭաΪӵ͵ѾԼܵļ֮⣬û뵽εȻڼ֮һָָεŭЦӦò㣿㣬ʲô㣿ҵ棬ñӴͷϲ㣿㿴΢ż¼绰ʱ˵ĻΪûô
εһ죬Ȼ˵ʲôأȻֶסգ˼ֹ⡭ǡ㶼ʲôˣ Ҳİɣ
ʬ̣֪ʲôܱԼ뷨ͷ˾໰һЬϡЬһ˸ӡεŵһ˺ŵؿŭԻǰεֻˤĳ嶯һ߽һŭ㣡ø㣡ĸҿˣҪǲ㣬ӡ
΢¼տҲֵĻҲһҭ˻ȥϢ˼ڣŭɶ¼㶼ɾˣ˵ʲôҲǰ˵ǰɣƾ޾ݰŮˣ
εһȴգҲ֣ͦ˵˭أ㲻Ը͵͵ҵ˽ô㻹ʲô
ָεıǼʵҺһ飬ǲǡǲǱ桭
εվ˽ŲӭֵĿ⣬ƽشԳڵ󼸸֣Գ˯˼͵ֻİ
ֿǰȫ;ŵŮˣԼϵ˽⡢κͰǿҵĻɣԼ⼸ȫȫͬһЦһ֪һǸεˣԳأһҴֱ׳ˣ˵ʲôأǺһЦĵ绰ضɳϣת뿪˷䡣
ֻеز¥ݣε֡ôһ̣ôϣε׷סĽŲȥųԼĴƭԼ˵һʱͿ˵ԼԭεֻǺ˼ȻϢƺŶûйء
ҶĴ·ߵĵƸ˺ͰǽϡһȴڵĵƹůһҸӰӳϣ׵СһƬ͡·ϵ죬ҴҶϻؼȥҸֻۡһ»εԼӰӱһյһյ·ϳ
ƳǵҹˮִĲ࣬һѱ͸˸䣬ýղ֣ͬǴ﷢һ˿˿ȫټƳǣһʱ侹벻ʲôطЪĸǿ϶ܻȥģӵö֪˵ҪʲôӡεЩ꣬Լһһ⡢ֲ˼ͺǰͬѧѵϵȻܹϵֻʣ˳½һ
뵽½ܣžԷʱļ˵񣬵ʱЩ𡣽ڱ˼Ҹҹ͵ҪǵԼңָʲô¡ҡҡͷ뵽òΣﻹ汻ŵЩ޲٣ͬʱҲǸŮˡ
תûãֿڴֻһóһǽΪε˵ͣ룬ֱӹҶ˵绰ûüֻװؿ㶵ֿʼͣΣڲʤ䷳û˵㻹ִţΪȰģͲ˵ˣ
绰ͷĽһ£Ȼص٩Ӵ޴˧Ǻ˭ˣôƢ˰µϹȻһƶ˲٣һѰ˼ŽӰˣ˻ؼҵĩ೵һأڿûϷ˰ɣ
һѿʵӰࣿ㲻Ǻεһȥô
ʲôŶŶǣһǧٻȻֻġ㵽ܲһ˰ôֲô򡭡" ЩɣžӲתԭĻ⡣
Դ˸Ļ֪ܲεȻΪ˻ţһĿĳһȫԺ絶ʡ޲ͬǽ׳ʹֳʵʵŭŭûڣûԼʱûгڰԼͳͳ̶̼Сʱ֮ڣּȷŵ͵е߱εһһԼЩײƼʱĲǣԼʱ뵽ʱܲεʱԼȻ͵ߣܣе޵ݺͳŭأͷŭʼʧȡ֮ǶԼΪθ顢˵ĸͼصϧ벻ֵ
绰һ˵Ľû˶˼顸֣û°ɡ˻ش𣬳Ĭһᣬ˵ˣ㵱ʲôûʣˡûڼҰɣؼҰɣεˣ
ûٻش𣬶ǶڵϣصشϢظıЩתǿƽԽ˵û¡ڵλңһ͵˵꣬ҲȽشԹԹ˵绰
ֻתȥߵԼ¥£ϰԵ̧ͷȥֻԼҵĵƹӷۺɫĴ͸ʡ뵽ԼůֵǼҡˣ۽΢΢Щʪתεԣʱ־䡣ǿ񣬼ݳȥ
һ·ɳۣԹʣ֪Ž⡣ҵͷԺһ뷨س֡ܳȥ͵飬һ˾ͲôԹ԰֮֮ƾʲôҪԹԵİñӿͷϣȻ㲻ϧθ飬Ҿһƹˤ
־ļ£оƶ࣬ŵŭԹ޾ɰŮ˷һ飬εķֳ̣߾ȻûһʶܵŮˡòƲô򵥣ӦСΪ͹Ĳ͸ϡ
ȥ£Ȼμ·һŮƴԼĳ֡ϸһŷѾ˽λǰ·ߵŮˣǽ
ִĲ࣬ͽԵúˡŸ߸ѥӣһһߵƹͷ򿪳ţЮһڸʻλϣ˸䣬Թʲôô䣡
ԣǰǷͼͷպÿȡͷϱŵķͷ˦˦ͷͷĳٲɢµķ㿪ʼڳ벱һߣӯ˫߸ߵ·ʱ¶ȹĶϴһЩ¶˿Ĵȣȸ˿ļӺԼɼ
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ָоָĻ壬ּԼʲ򲻸õаͷһ컡ﰵԼ䣬ӸҲ벻ҵĿǰˣ½ڼҸõˣǿ߰ɣ
ֵ׸ϣ˿˲ɢմķ˿ͷǰ·תתϹûڼңͣһͣûǻ˵ǼҴأǹռҲϰɣ
һ½ܾڲԶ´󶨡Ѱ˼ŵðѽϿͻس½ȥȻ˼ʼ˵ԼԲѡæͷӦʣݳ·һ·ϣκ˵ֻͷΨΨҲҶ
ʱѾҹ·ֳָּ죬һ͹սӸչڵĺ̵ƣ㣬Ҫˣ
Էٶȣָӣ·ͣ˳³ĴŵĵǷ꣬ȴûҵӰӡƵػȥһߵĽֻŵ绰ڶߣ˾䣺Ϲأǵˣ
ּ״ĵȴ˼Ȼɿ㣡Ȧ͹Һ·ͷһҴ㣬˶˺ˣҵ̫ã
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½֪ܰʱ˸һ٣ҲܾܲôѽƲ£ֻøŽ˴ꡣ
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˫ϣ˱ӵڴߣһһů֡߷ʵϼѣǰ΢΢ſ¶ǰҵߺͿʯ׹
ֵ۾֪ʲôطţֻ컨巢һǿѹµӵͷʹƷŭ±ջ۹⣬ֽζؿԼöܣҲúӣֻĿĴ롣Ч̫ã¥ºͶ¥Ե֮վΪ졣¶ǣ˺˵ȫе˵ġڵȣ̫ĵƹ⣬ССĿռЩ
־Щ͸׼Դ߲Ϊ뿪ʱƵ£㲻Ұɣ
ֱͻʵһʵʲô£
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һ˼˳֪εȥʲôˣ
ǺһЦûش𣬷ԱŽԵĶ½½ҧһڣ첻óԣóԡôֵ˹ȥ


07
û̫һ˿ǼꤡɽĻ̬Ƶܣϵ⴮ʡƿơĸо˳ʳθƺѹס˲٣̾ٺȣʱƿͼ˵ס
ţҲ裬ȻԵõһ߳ԳԺȺȡɨϵļƿƣָߺԱ˲٣ֽմմǣȰοǺοأŮ˶˵רңϰ߾ͺˣ
ּǰѾʼЩʣ˿˽Ļҡͷƭˣεǲƭ˵ġƭҵģ
ԣЦżҵô£ƭ㰡
Զԣյ϶ƭң˵ǲƭң
˿֣԰Ҿƭ㣡
ʶȴѣ̹ȻϣʱסûüһӦѾЦƭ˵Ϲڸƣڲңſ˵Żս֣ϵĲ죬˵ŶûѽˣҸղŶ˵ˣŮ˵רң˺ѷֱġ
ֲ뾹Ȼ˽ĵͷһݣֺޡŲôйŮദҡҡλվҪߡסֻø¥˳ţָշѳԿͱһߡ߼򿪸ʻţ˵㲻ܿˣɣֱʾͬ⣬ԼʱСֻҸط˵˵ңֲҪڷͳ㣬ųô
ֱһ࣬ﺬԹίȴҲĻѵλһҲҲ˵غżݳ·
ƽ䲻ʻûͨŮ˾Ŀֲʻʮƽȡλϣ۽˵ʲôֻǲʼʱֻǼװԺûñ˯˹ȥ֪˶ãһ⽫ֱѡȴڵв·ӶԽ˵ͣһ¡
һЦһֵĿɣؽͣãʵҪҪҰ㰡
װû³ȥҵط㣬˭֪һһƬڣԶǵƻɺϸ۲죬ŷ־ڳǶĴɽ԰⼱ȣ˲ϳԾҡŽ߼һ¿բˮ
ʲơƺȵ̫࣬ҲƳһ߷ˮһǿԼͷԣԱѳسǡȻ˭֪ĿǲҪԼߵȥ
תͷ˶һ׼ӣȻһֻ΢ִƹһ߬סӡִ벻һʶؾƨܡǵû㿪ֻץ֣ײ˻˸ʵʵֲҶֻ̫˫ſӣе֣Ժô½ܣ
ſֺϣһֻֽСǰһֻֽֿ½ѪϢصشϹҪǲ֪ҸҶô
ֱּԼĶ䣬ƨ⡭ôܣ
оԼһ㱻ֵİӳſĴָָָ⾹ȻԽӴһĵʱݽ˴ˮУӿŪ˼£Ϣصļɴˣ˵ҳ󼦰ɵ㲻ͬ⣬ŶڼҴĻᡣ˵Żɿ˿С֣ת棬̧ͷ°ͺͺᣬ§סĲ˵Ȼ뿴Ҫϱô°࣬᲻᲻ӣѾ賿᲻һ㶼ģ绰
͵ʱڴ˵ĻֻĬ⼸ܵʵӽʻлεĶѱ̼ӲȥоСֱ仯סֵϥ䣬̧۵Ҳãɷ˷羰ϹˣҰ㴵㵽ж󣡡˵գſҪ
һæֵסͷ𣡡
оϵһЦͦͦӼǰաˣ࿵ҡҲ򣬲ɾ
ô˵ϲ˼ߴϲذһۣᣡҾϲζ
˵꣬Сֹ࣬ͷϵķ϶¡ÿһ£Ͱͷ˿Ͽ౴бҧ´ĻϲһۿգֽעתصԼŵͷϣٶܶʼȻſڽͷҲŪͷ;ǸϵʱټͶ˹ɹͷ϶Ļɬ
ֺεദľˣҲЩ΢񱡣ԼշŹˮļһǾ棬ԼСĹͷһںסʱǾò˼顣ƽεӲĶԼ壬ʱΪַҲᡣ׳Ůӣζ÷ǳر𣬶ŵĻдŵξߢѡȻ½ֽ֧͵𾪣Ҳ⿪еһᣬʹԷſЩܡ
ּԼǰΪԼ΢ط̽ŰǰͦҪռǰŵԸˡ˴࣬ͽСֵŵĸԼԣһӴ˫ַסͷѧŻƬӣС쵱Ůȼɬ۵ͨǰʮº󣬼ĿǻȻԼϵıȴ㣬ٽ˳ȡ
಻ͣΪַ񣬸оڴӱϲʤҧӱ˶һȻҲ°ࡣֶ𽥷ڽģѣս͵ģһ´ںͷǺÿ
ûо飬ΪǱޣֻԼˬͣϺȻһʱЩĪԣͷ۽ǺᣬԼ³çͻˣæ̽ʡ
˲ỨһۣЦˣＱʲôһʱ䣬ģ˵꣬վֱԼɹִһͷһϵһ·£ֱֱŵغ账ȥֱǷֵһһԵֻʱ˵ʲôǶ࣬ɵЦ𣬾ȴŽٶȷ
ʪѭҺͿһٱһ˫ִȣֲ֪Ǻá˫ץſӣȭͷյĽĿüʹ콹ƣ֪ʱѵ˫ַھϴһڹͷһǣ̧ͷҪ
Ѿϣû˵ʱѾԼľһҪڣﻹ͵סڽҸ£һʹ˴§סʼǡ
ջޣлϲɷִȴǼ׼нߵغҪ˹ȥоֵԼͷ̧Լ촽Ҳ˹ȥ
ءСڣһһֻڽαĦ˫ҲſֵӲԼС϶ţͬȥֵĹɼ⡣˻§޼䡣һֱֻŤҡⲻͣĦظԼ鷿ϵ̺ͷĥĽӲĴˮȻ͸ڿ㡣ֱǻﶼǽеŮԷҷ屻ʶȹĿƵƵӲ
ɿֵ˫ۣһ̽ԼȥֵĿӣһνֵĴֱ÷ǳ˫ֺϹ˫ֵ˼룬־ͷɿתȥĶܴ죬һǰһͦ˫ָ߾٣קԼ¼磬ͷֽһǣٴϢʵôÿôҪô
ֻεأֻôһΣǣ+ - ֱǡһաʱǰԴŽŲУ䱭Сּţ¶ȴɾ£˷֡˲ϴ𻰣ʹסһ캬סһͷҧ
Ȱεʱʱоֶ׾ֶϡɣԼһ޶νס˶ļһ²⡣ãرֳԵЩʹȼֿ𤻬ҪŽƿ̧ڿ㣬شǰҲˣң
ҲܵҪһֱЩ𣬲󻶡˿̼ް˽󣬲Ļŭţǰס˽ֱֱ͵СѨǰ
ܵȶȣ£ξϸߣֻҡڶĥ£ȴﶥļҪͣʵǸûбװ
ʧЦη춥ڼӲϣߴٵʲôʱˣô飡ɣҳҩˣ
˼άжѳϰߣشŻȻԼɵٲԥٺһЦͦǹ׼ģ롣
оֵһؽԼӣȻԼˮɽһӭô׳ļһﻹԵΪɬԼԼػЩʹѴվĸԱõɡһᱧԹԼϹûôҪİӣһ˷ڵôһһôʹϲؽ״δ롣
һѰӼСѨ֮УǡͨˣʮȻʡֻԼһһĻȰһһĦ֮䣬ˮڶޱ
ֻ˼ʮ£ͿʼӦֵĳߴ磬ӿʼʱñâļײȼǵģ飬СҪһ㡣۶ÿһ缡ƺƽչȻûȵĴʯذĦ˵áʮ£;֫ٺĸ֪С¡оۼ뵲ɢۼҪһڹڱ
ڽҪʱ򣬺Ȼһ˴ͷ̵ġһ˳ڶڶȻǰδͷ󣬵ڶԸȣǡšһԼ֮ļˣСıըԴɢȥλ̵ܣȴ޴йû˶ֻ֮ԼſڲŵֵĴһҲȥ
ֽ˴˸顢˼ơգղֵһ˿ڽҺǹڵٶҪտ̫̫ࡣӲѼֲסڽһйעڷſմĿУȫ¡ӽڻע⵽·ŵŮϰԹŭ룬Աбۿ
ƽεзֻ趨̰岻ֹûʲôԡԽҲˣ˵ʱϿ࣬ģ̲Ҳ㡣ûòԣҲûʲôʾǰþɳͳ½˵ķֱĿǳһʮ֣޲ÿ춼һ飬ʱҲԶʤʱһɧѹָһţǲһתԼ΢Ⱥаεͷ˭֪һĲ߻ȴôпõǹͷƽûؽӹֵ·áڿʪģŪ䣬ɴ£ӽһߵĲݴ
ּ״۹⣬Ҳ׹ȴǲƹԹ˳ּ˸ʻԼһ£ȥ⣬Ҳûʲô⣬һ֮󣬾ƾҲޣϳвԶָɿ˼Ե˼ƽʱҡȽҪǿһЩ
еΪ߳δЩǶ̫಻˵ֱֲѣһִһﻹǱԼնˡ˿ӴԶҲͲôǿ˿֣٩û£ԹصˣȻҪֶӵġ˵ֵϹ˵ȥɲ֪
һʵ˵˭
·ȹǣְҵ㷢ãȻ½ܡ
ˣ㾪ĵ˻һżɲѳͣ·룬еʲô˵һ飡
ûϵȫ˲㼷ڵ粣ϡһۣظҵϹĺֵܣ½ܰ´μɲ˵һˣ
˶Ҫˣµӣŭգ㲻Ǻ˵֪ҵô
ε̯֣ѧڴɽ԰ʱ⡭ôܣֲм֣װòãԸŪĺǿƵģղǵпǱﻹˬҿŤŤ˵Ÿ̨£˰˵˭үܰԼϱƳȥ˼ģҪ⻰Ҳţһ׼Ƿˣ
ֱҭƿԣ˫һķ̣һ˻Ҳ٣ҾǸɵƣĵԺô½ܣʲô
һԾĿţйһͨ첲ϣϸȰοô㲻˵Ҳ˵˭֪ԺǶСģûµġ
˵ãһ˵ַաһѴ򿪽ָ֣Ժƨ½ܡҡǲ֪˵ʲôãΪ̣Ҫ
ˣǵ㣬Ÿ߸ͦ򣡸ҴҾ͸Ϲ˵ǿңĶأ㿴Ϲ;˭һһȴҶ֣֪ĿѴίãǰмɻҺǶˣûϵֻˡϹúùӵģҲǡҾϲģôСʲô취ֵܣңܱȥҪĺЩɣҲôұ֤Ժұ˾ǣǰҪʱҪǸ󼦰ˬ


08
Զԣִ˰죬߸߾ԼϣָŽȻ㡭ĲҪ
˵ȻһЦˣҲҪޣǻûҪذɣתЦЦתص߰ɣҽĻѿɾ賿㣬ʱ͸¶ˣҲŶ
̶һϣȱӱѣתͷֱֵܣζƿһ˼ʧȴˡµûӵҲ֪ûʲôð취ֻһʱһʱˡ
л޴йֻÿ̤壬ŷ̼ӾʹӳǶɵ˳ӹս½ܼҵСſڣպÿ½ܱżŮʽ޷Űߡֿ½ܵӰ޲굽ȥ̹Ȼ³ֺװģأ
½Դڳ֣ҸЦݣһߴӦһܹȸųִ˸кȻţ޷ڽϣ촩ϵ㣬Ͽǹġ˳˵ߣ¥ɣɩӴ绰ͱȥˡôҲôǲܴԺζȥ
ּ½ܹȻһ֪ӣе糱ˮһӿǿſܵĳ嶯ЦܵĻȴôҲ˵½ܸоֺƽʱͬ̽̽ʵָ磬զųڣŵŨŨľζȵҿȥȾ˵ô㷴ӦôأɣƼٳɶ£¥Ъȥ˵ţתͷȥֿšʵûԳ½ܣ޲뿪ֲʵĳ½ӲקټԼ޴ȥֻԼͣóŷ¥
˼ҽϴ½ܸ˱Ũ裬졣ֱͻ½ʵֶǽȥĶʲôûС֮⣬ֻö˸ǡ½ܼ϶ƽһС㣬εһ٩ּʱų˯л˵㲻ۣ˼쵼ֿĲ𣿡
½һ谮ƴӣ˿˽ѵӦܻȥñ졣½סķһһżޣ˯ڿɳϡסһΣ֪קɳ档ߣ·ߣŤһǣֶһЦŤƨȥˡ³½ֻܿ˸ľһ˿Ҳޡ
һᣬ½ܱŶְ˽̺õָ磬˯ɡչϱˣпɩӳԷ
ֱһ䡸չϱĺëɴۻͷȥ½ѾŹǷתݡҲ֪½Ѿ֪顢һ˫أ˵ġ⡣սս£ŶĶ
½ܼɳҲһ׶ľ롣Ȼţʵش˳½ͣŷŮߣԾЩƬ̣Ȼ½˵˾ʲôһֱЦ˾䡸ˡ½ҲһЦź˸⡣ǰǰԱùǲǳŴˣ
￩һӡ½ܷ޵Ļɻ֪֮ǰڳ˵ûм漸ּ١Ů޴ĥоԼǱȫڲŵģȻ˶ѵΣһϲϾǸʻٸҪԼ˵Ͳ㡣
Ǳ߻˵ŻȴȥҲʱƾӿͷʼģȴӰ˵ͷɳϷ˸ȴ˯⾯ԶԽĽ䱸֪Ů˻᲻־ּĳ˷ܣ˵ǱʶĿҲΪʵĿʲôֲϸ롣
ʱһһĹţ֪˶ã½ܷ޷û춯ڰĿֻϳָʾһһźɫ㣬ЩϢֳŰһȷӦòⷢˣŵҲиһ׼˯պۣ½ҵš֨ѽһˡ
ʶ͵۾ɵԲ
ǽĴͷƻţٺɫ΢ߴӷڽֻڿֵϡʮϸβϾγһȶ͵ߣȱñֱƹ֮ķ϶ҲͶ
ȴ˿ûԥس߹Žţ߹ȴãڹ⽫Լչָֿһ
ֽŵȫëը಻ܿƵءֱΪŻţܿŴͬ½˯б塣ߵǰ΢΢Լյǰֻһ׵ľ롣ּٵĺţҲظܵ˽Լ촽ϵϢǿһɵ֬ζ˵Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ؿһȻ˫סֵ޳ʮָ⻬ȴЩǵػ˻ֵͷȻһ¡촽ᣬһˡȻõ͵͵֣㻹˯𣿡
ָϽĸ첲ܸоԼڲõѳ½ܾ˯ڶ治ʮ׵ĵطʱϷԼûĳֻ뽭Ͻ߿ߵԽԶԽáû߿˼˳ưƷԼؿڣưסһ߷鷿ְֱϣǿѹȥֱָݽֵıԵ
һֻһȥɵ굽˫ȼ䣬òֶ÷ǳ죬׼ȷƬ̵Ĺ˷ӦֹӲ
ȻѾڽйһأʱȴҰʱ˷ܡòͬһǿҵĴҩڵȼաأԶ½һ趵ͷµˮʹ˲ѡ
ֿʼץļһŪڳ½ܵȥ˳֮£ֲдǱˮûŮ鷿ϵֿʼµûӡֵ֪ı仯ɿͦʩΪ
ҹڽɴɫһʱ½ܵȻֹͣ̾˿ź˵˾ʲôֱŵðɳһԾԶԶҲһͷ˿תЦǵ㵨ӣôøüλˣųʲôҺһϹǱû£ǳ类ų˵ŻôŤӣ֫ŵصɳ
ִʱȻ˴ɼ˽ٶȻֲز𡣽֧лϲͬһֻͷСҡͷβذС˹ȥۼͷ켴ڿܽӴڵĳ½ܷ˸ִڴϣûǰΰѵغţţ
ɣйеģ˯أ˵ţһʧɳңϴҹҲУǷˣ
½ܺߺǻشھû˶ʲ仰˵˯ʮ㣬ҹĸоģµΩΩФһֱαݣ϶ҲƭġǿҵУŪĸоš⣬ԵĿҲĸʢԿء
ضɳһǣ˫ȽؼһֱӲŵ۾ضҵķҵûйأƵĴͷͬ޵۾ųŪӣ÷ֺƽȵĺ˷ҲûֵƤʼܣڵĳ轥ʧһƬڰ֮С
ҹɫȥ׵ĹӴ϶һ㼷ֵͷɳϻ䣬͵һ˲侪ѡ̧ۼɫֿڵķӵ˯㣬ڰңתЩʧ䡣һ·Ƚţ¿㣬شţɿȥ
·СһͣΥıꤼҲһֱƮڰյİࡣؿ⣬ϵݡʾָձɣſһ
ʺĴè
ѭȥֻһֻаҲƵָԼЦȻ֪Լûϴȴ֪ԼȻ⵽˳̶ȡ羵ĵһգȻȦڣ棬ҺͷĲû̫ңȻֱͽֱǮ˺һģһ
̻û˹æĽɿŵİťŹУյߣб˵°ûҡҳóô˵꣬Ρ
ֻҡ֣ͷȴ˽ᣬˡǡ֣ʲô˵żȻЦ֪˵ߵصŮֻƭֻϷҲ֪ʲôʱ棬ʲôʱǼ٣Ҫ
̼Щˣͷ˵ְѶŮ˵ϣһҲ֪ˣȴ˼ǸһƬĬֻʶżҲ֪ʲôӵˮʱֻǾŨüĻ㣬ֳĳԡҺζԽ䣬Գɼʱڴ߽ĳ½ܣһ޵ݡ
ֺ˼Ĺ򣬵ѾʮŲ㡣ʾ塸һ죬ץסҰʰʰȻûˡ˿ķᣬקֱ䡣
ʱϰʱȻԶ˾ͬкöѾˣȺ죬ԵΪ֡ͬ¿ѣںؼסֱϴִŷſ䣬ӰͳʪֲֽʣԼֽˮͷˮϴѡֽ̽ʪΪɣϣãȻʵŮѳˣ
һε˵ʲôûŮѡ
΢΢һЦҲ׷ʣóСľͷ־ܾ̼֡ŸղŵǸ⣬ˣҲʹֺõ̽СڽվֲһַһְֻüϸȴҰѷ˿ͨ˳ֳֵһ÷žӿƲʾѣֽͷץɢֱžӣ̵ıǼӣԼмЩԼļഥǽֱӣԶ̵ľרע̬ᣬоΪŵɷݡ
ֿææµµ̣Щ㱣˵ʲôȴû壬æʵ˵ʲô
ִͣһ߼Цװɵ㣬Ůûͷ
ʶҡͷϾͷӦ˵ˣûŮѣ
ֻشЦ۾սСƭӣã
ֲ죬Ťͷȥ̣ȴεվŮſڣ溮˪
һӴס֪ηӦεҲһ˫ץȹǿƽεͬһ㳤һ˵ֱǰǻл޵ĳЦָ磬æһǵŶ˵꣬ˡ
˵ǾĻ֪Ҫ㡣Ȼ̸תεۿͺѶֵŲתţؽë΢Ķ۽ǴļѾʪһ縣ֻǿŲˮ¡
ּģһѹԼ͵鱨ӵͲңЩСȻεҹ޵Ķ͵ص㣬ȴʵʵķˣұĻҪЩҲԩ󵨡ǳ½ܵӣֱǸѵĻֻǱ׽͸˸ģԺ»ҪŶԲֵܣô붼еòʧ
ͷǧذתѾԶԶǰŵεεֱòȴʼղһԣࡣҹֳҹδ飬绰ֲӣԼҹǻͷȥҹҹʺ޽ӡгʱԵΪΪѣԼȣͷһ۽ʵȥĶˣҵ绰Ҳӡ㡭˭ҹҹΪʲôؼң
εȻѾڣδˣԽ˵Խôáֱεһ仰˼һݣǰ£Ҫ嵽ΪЦϾ˼ɸղԼȻ飬ֱ񼫡һʰĻķң뵽ӱĬ˵ʵ̲סŭͷӵȥˣ˭ҹҹٺ١ǲܸܣˣҲԸȥԺòȣ
εûϵֻôԼ˵һ㶣һֱŵһſȴߣǿվԭزίּ֡滨꣬²̣üͷһ壬ûü˵ﴫͬ˵εɿؽȥͷܻŮ䡣ֵ˺ܾҲֻȥ
ƲֵۺϲߣԶԶܾ칫ҵſţԼ׮͵û˽ᡣҹȻޱ²Ǻӡվͨܰķ˼ò׼ܴϵŮ˾ǲԼӣǣԥʹһ٣ǣ͵ͱһǳ鷳¡û֤ݣԲԸçײҪǲ԰ޡѵʱȻļ


09
һûܵѾڶ𣺡ãҹһ¡
ܱǸȽˣʱǺЩŭȥӲġ˵껰ŲҴҵԼ칫ȥò׼ҹһŮǲε֪ǲϳԼ²ķǾЩˣûõģֻӲͷƤܵĽŲֱѪ࣬ĳ
Լλãʾֹ£Ҳһԣֻ֧򢣬Ĭ칫һѹЩ͸ŪԼӵˣȴȻԷѹƣЩѿЩ˵ܡĺܿ죬ȴֺѹ֡
ڣܳһ˼ɹĿռ䡣ֵ۾һһʵ֣ҿ𣿡˶ֲޱţ
ֲ֪ôʳôһ䣬ʲתƻǸȫһ·ϣ˲Щ¡ܼĪԼԵرƺҪ͸˼ֱЩë˿ĭӦһֱҺܺãǺܸмġ
⻰к䡪˯ţҾŪ㡣
εȻĬȾֲȷǺܻʲôˡȻ㲻״ˣǰѺ仰˶ƺֵĴ𰸺⣬һֱŵɶҡҡֵȷʵǰЩ㲻϶գֻһϼӦеĹػĺãӦôӽ쿪ʼңӦǵģǻࡣ
˵ͣ˿ڣԶƺҪ˵Ļ￩һ£룺Ҫ̯ưһСС˾ʲôã촲ϵŮ˾ˣ˵֪£һңұֳĬŵĹϵӶҡòأ
ͷո֣һʾð١ĸϣԼͷѣøղһ˲ԼӣԼ˸վ𣬽˫ȭǰܵİ칫ǰгݵл˵Ҫµģֻ˵Ϊջ󣬾ȥ
б䣬ƽʱάŵ𾴴вͬջ۹ζؿ˿˶ȻЦֱЦĪɢ˲١ܼһƣվٴļͷ㰡嶯ӻᵱʱЩѪʱ⣡ɣɣȥܡǺǡãû㣡˵м˽ܵҪȥ졣Ұɶҳ϶ȵһ飬ҲϣһΣյĿʼ
һͷˮܵĻͶ͸ŵǷ̹Ȼ֪Լ϶ǻ⡣ʱҲԼĻæ¿ִʲؼ˼䣬˳ɳϡܰԼҲɳϣȣ˫ֽϥϣֳĬƬ̣°֮һܵѴӱ˾ҡϢһ£ȴˡ͵ˡҵץסҺ̸ְˡ
־ϲϲԼһֱĵǣ촲Ͽ϶εҲ֪ԼȻи˺Լͬʱ͵ȻԼ칫ʱϢǳ˸϶ġ˵Լһİ칫ңԼһһܶУ˲ͳȥһĻ֪˭֪˻᲻Լֱ
ܼϱձɫΪԼ֮Լ֮΢΢ͷǣ͵ˣһˡץסһҧʶǸˣǹ˾ڲˣǲǸʱ¥ģ϶ѡҵ˲ѣΪǰ̨͵ﶼװ˼أҲȥ飬ϣܰ顣
˵ЩԷ˿һֱֻбɳϣҸƳǷֹ˾ãϣиõҲϣִҵˣҵ̸뿪ܵҲһ̸á⣬Ķ㣬㲻κ֤¡˼ô
мʱŵòᣬȫ˴롣ҧʶԼ˵ڣûԼòȥ׽ǿ֪˭ҪЩԽ⣬Ķ⡣Ӧ˵˼л׼ȥ¡ܺסЦȻۺϲᣬʮӶʮӵȥأҴ绰ñȫ㡣ǼסҪеڶڳУ˾࣬ÿ춼ܰʱ°ࡣ¿ʼÿ¸ǧ鲹ֽ㡣ˣȥɣûˡ
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װ򶨣ʵѾֿ˻ΪڷѣѾԶԤڣǶ˵ǽңý֮ϲνĽ¹ʵİֽ࣬ʽԱ֤Ǯֱӵκμ¼ҲζţԼ˽Ǯ
ܱʾ˸л뿪ڹ˾ʱ˶ֱͦࡣǰͷͬ³ԸۿģϴκȥԷʱĵ̣־ϴγԷʱ͵͵˵ķǮѰ˼һҪһ٣ռŮ˵ıˡһ뵽ղǵĶ͹ĶЩ¡
Ī֪Һε£ô֪أĥ⣬Ժֳεžǿ˵ݣ뵽ͬİǹͬŵǱʷݴ˲䣬;ǧӣüԿЩҲʡЩ˼תԳһЦԼ˵֣ѾǰǸֵ㸶һеˡѧŶԼõ㣡
ö⣬ŲôҲ첻εĸѾһϰߣĲٸ裬Щѹţ²γǰǸ㵸ز֪˵Щʲô÷ЦεҲһЦⰻȻȫûиղǰıӡǾ䡸Ů˶˵רҡһԼղ˸ȷľ첽뿪ﷳңҲûذ칫ңȥ˸ֱ̣ȥˣ⣱ı
ӳʷһˣ߷·𣬵ȥҪԵ׳Ķࡣѽӹܴĵ绰ʱֵˣýҡμ򵥲תžߣֶ
֪ܵ˾ԼʱأеֻǶΪ˭ĺ档ʱڲ࣬ǾʱЩȿŮ˵®ɽĿȻٰ¥ǶŮץʷӳĽڣѼ¼°ǰȫעضšȻͬ½½뿪֮һŮ˳ݣһ£ܾ칫ҵķȥϧŮͷΧɴִһܴī˶Ҳʮͨûص㣬ֱ治ǲʶˡҡͷ¿˲ãѾ뿪ݻص˾Ĵתһֵ򿨻˲򿨼¼Ȼصض˶ţĹĵ뿪ˡ
֪ڵؿ͹˾صѰԼΪԼǲҪ򿨵ģڴ򿨻ûкۼ̶ְȥľͷ˺ü飬ͬϱˣŪһ֮𣬵Ц˰죬ŷٶͬƭİεͷ¿ȥ
ֹ˴Ŷʮӵӣһ˵ļڳһӰװģ²ܼûаݣֱӽ˷ݵ¥ݼ䡣־һ֪ϷҪˣ۾ضĻ۶գһ¡һӲһŮҲ߽˼С¥ݼŻͷѲӣһǡӳֵ

Ȼƽһֱľͬ²Цķ
ֺȻԼѾˣԭѾǸ˾ͻ͵ʱֻԼɵɵӵһϵͷֻûӾȵлȵֳ˼Ҳ¥ݼ䡣
⡭ˡ⡭ֵӳ׶·ˣ޷ձ鶯ƬڳԼУԼʱײαļ顣˾ӹΣСʱģͷΪ䡣Ҳͬģת͸ʵʵؿһ߸ߵñͷϡֺΪϧת־ͬʱżһǰйһŮ˵Ļг޷¥ݼ䷢ʱһŮˣȻһֱż̽ͷȴϳ
ΪԼӣһһʵ̫Ϥ
ֵķ·׹˱ߣдƺ촽÷ͷεҲͬסһ㣬˫Ŷ¥ݼķһͷȥ¥ݼڼаѶؿʱһģһֻǲ֪ǲҲʱһƤŵҵı顣ͷʱ·ͬʱͣ٣ȴһѾδ֪
εûվܾãֻǼʮ빤̶ͦ˫һ޷˵ؽ¥ݼ䡣ɵ㶵ضż֪ÿ޻ǸЦԭενġ㡹ָľ͵ǴñҲ㣡ʲôڵԼΧ֮⣬ŮѰҲΪ֪ĿôոջΪϧ˿ԼȴӦñϧĶǷǳӾһĻҲѸԺбɳªڿЦòпķʽԼû
뵽Լμֻ˺ӵĿЩա뵽ܻῴ͵鳡Ķ棬־Щ¡ܲĴ̼»ᵱڿȻоʮץεһٶľϲͬʱһһεĵߣС
ʱֵԺȫεͬʱ˽ŵΣȴҹɱ˵ͷһּᶨͰڶʱһٱͰ鱾δݲУĿֻзתѰĹ֡
һ˲˲ضżķţڴεڶʱֱ߳ڼпȵݵԼ˿δżԼȻͷʱǳεͷ֮ڡ¥ݼ佥нԶȴֻܴ̾˵Ū
ʧڼ֮⣬ſӷܻʮӵʱ䣬ͬһƬûκα仯ֿԼ¥ݼ䣬ŵʱӽŲȷʵܹңֻǵʱԼ̫ţûϸ롣ʮ¥ݼڷ˶ôҵ飬ԼŮǣǻ
ֲֻҪþưԼȵҪһŮˣŮˣķʽַʽԴԼӡ
ήţĵ绰ͻȻóһһ绰һЦٻ̵ƬռĻ·д̵ֺͺ롣ֺȻں緹ׯ緹ʱֻһĵƬΪʲôֻʾ޾ɵؽ绰Ͳﴫָ磬Է
ִʱﶼǷŭаͷʲôԷ˼ûӦæأԣ
ֵ̺Ĳ죬Ĭһᣬ޹ءŶһҲû˶绰ȴҲҶϣ֪⻹⣬ԼϢڻͲϣķ
һŶЩָоԼСίںԼһǱ̲ңҲĹҶϣôŵ绰Ͳķ˸ķҡ̵ĽСԼ޺żһ¶ɵĽЩߣЩʡսĶҲͰˣȻֱôСŪڹ֮䣬ԿаӿٺЦûطסˣһȻסô
绰һͷ̾˿ûԥϲððȥԷˣ°㣡Զ˶٣˵ָ磬Ҳˣֻǲ㣬Ҳ㡣ٶˣҴĵ绰˵꣬ҲֻҪҪ˵ԹԹҶֻ
ֱΪѾȷεԼŮѵ£ôҲԼֱŵû뵽˻ϲءܵ˱ԼԼԸĻٴαֹƬֵͬٴ˲ոͼķʽʱŵֻһ¡ҪҪϣݳգܶޱȳ磬˭֪˻᲻ʲôܲĺ
ϣķѱʵ÷飬Լȥʵҵ»ݡ
תѵͷϷɿؽղſʱεļصԥɾҹκ֤ݣǹԼģǹεġϣɾ֮ԼҲԸǣϲԼӣεƿʱļᶨͻһһεس֣¥ݼڵҲԽԽ޻
󿿣ԼڼҵתǿԼ˼һЩ⡣뵽뵽ӽ뵽½ܣӳ½뵽׶԰׶԰뵽ܣתһȦջתҹļջһϣļҡƴʹ˼ʱͣͣû룬µĺ档
ܾ칫͵һ˻˭أ


10
ֵԼɾǶ֮һ¼׼ۿʷӳŴ˽¶ɫָ磬뿪ʱȷʵе㳤ˡд¥ô¥̳һʲô¶ûһʱ䷢֣ʵǲ˵㿴ָܷܲʾңֵָܻ״̬ұ֤ǲ͵
ֿ˿ŷԼѾڼ˽СʱڸѾ꣬ѹеĺ棬æǡд¥̣ʷӳƴǣŻʮŲ㡣
Լλһƨ£ǾͰΪԼݺεҵȫϧȣڹ˾ĵλ͹Ŀ˵һϡܲκι˼ɣԼҲ˳Ϊ֮ջصϢѿеĹͷѰһᡣʵڲУͳºڷߴȡܷ֮ŹڶӵĴãԼԺķѰƽɣ
ó뷨ҡͷЦȻԼܼȷʵ᲻öεһָͷ
ޱȳеı飡ַ߷߲ƽţȻЩˡϣϣܼʡ
ȥܾ칫ұĽȣڵõܡٺ̸ָʾ¥¿ӡһڼۿ⣬о̵ԼҲûʲô¡
Ѿ־ûҪٵˮءȻֻ֪е΢еһģѾҪҪҪΪ¸ۡεһβҰٴβã᲻˺ȴҲûʲôصͷԺӸôʱȥšҪĵģϺ̵
ܵķڽǻǲµ׺нˮһ𷢷ţҲ˼ȥʣӸļٿ㻨Ǯֻʣ̺ļʮԪ緹ׯһΣǽʱ϶Ҫ˵԰͵Ĵ֮£ֻþȥǮͬ칫ҵͬ´ѻ飬һȦһźɫëүүû֪ԼǶôҸɵЩεԼĺ
ҡҡͷȥҸӰԼٶȶǸݼԾѵŮ˲ͬͲᡣܳ칫ң˰ŰԼǮչһǧЩͬ´ţгʱ䣬ֻҹĻ١
°ʱһ̵ĵ绰ʹ˹ȥؿȣԼĥһᣬ¥̼ԶͶ΢Цǰȥʵָ磬ƳǻʲôóԵģȥ
ָղžǰ̨ʱ֪ΪʲôرײεԶˣҲƵߣԼµǸڵԼųתѡ˿΢ЦʱߵĲʺ磬˼֮ϲֿˣҲɨȥдʼƳôСôóԵģȥòã
죺Ƥõģ
ּ̲⣬˵˼Լ֪ɫʳһһΪ磬ɰԼȼ֮˳Ʊ׼飬ȴͷʳָ򢣬ʵָ磬Եʲô
¿ա
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д¥СǼҡ
ǻȥ԰ɣ
΢ðɣԷͳ̫ˣ
¿ǽϺպλԭӼ丮ʴ˺ųƺӼ˫ɷ𣿡ͦţƬ˵ôһ仰һЦǣ½ǣҡεָ磬ȥ԰ɣǲģұ֤ҷģ
̶ֱʧЦּ˵ʱӦָƱʳжָɵĴģ֣̿ЦŵͷʵȥȥҲҪ㻹һٵģˣ
̼ӦʣͷһЦǰͷںϣεıӰ˼εһЦҰٰȴܵ˺һЦǡεꡣʱۣԺֻôأ
һ󣬼ֽŲָ磬˼Ҷˣ
̴ֱ˼кѣȻʧЦһЦԼԴˮʵ̫ƫ̫Զ޻֮Цǰ̣γԷǰ󺰶Ҳ֪ϱǲʿܹľɮ
̱ЦĪ˸Źֵбۿּǲ⣬Ů˼ռ˴Ϸ磬תѣЦ߼ϣεǺӼ˫ɷԽԽ棬Цˡ
̽ŽɣĿϴʲôֻգץ䣬Сָȥң֪ؿ鲼ͷ±֣æձ㡣һֺø񹦣ӰΣôܣӲǶ㲻ԶԶȥһСЦ֡Σֻץס̵֣Ҳٽһסôץ߳ؿ⡣
·СֽŵԻ⡣̸оӽӲɵı仯һЦʵôŸʲôŮѿԴװ
ǰʣʵش𣬿һ䣬ȻݺȻѾ֪ҲûҪڣǷʵ죬ô֪Ĺϵģһڣ뵽һľĿԣ׷ʵĸͬ¸ô
һЦʳ仰ʱԵõؿһۣôѩҪӱ֪ô֪ôļô극ȥҺȱƣҾһһʮظ㣡
ͬ±ϣľͷ˴롣һ·׷ʣֲ̼˵ֻôӦҪԼľģ뵽һ̾ƺģвЩȻٺӼ˫ɷԵҲԵûʲôζ̵һպŲŵİֱͻĶһڰգؿ
˿ݺݵҧ˿ڶĻգ۾ܵؾ׽ͬгŵѵһζּ಻ţ緹ׯǸҹʳŮˣЩ°ֳ͡һڣպҧһҧĻϣֱؿԼﺬʵʲôûŮԻѽ
ҡҡͷŵûôԵġ
̽ڣ¿аʳЦʲôĵط͸ʲôķʽʲô顣ҪһʻŮŲǳżӰ׵ĻƿֽڣЦҺȾƣиһ̵أ
˵仰ʱֵܶ棬ÿﶼһںȾƵ̡ؿѾƵľƼϣ򰲾ھɵĮ̇ǰׯڷİ龰һ㣬Ψûǰ˰ŵʡбСĿǰӡľģ̺ȾƵȡ
׾ˮƵɣ᳤硣ûпãƿơѾ˵ףֳŲ񫣬ƿʮȵĶͷ
̶ľҪľƱʾ⣺ָ磬ѽĿɿڴؿԼֵ˵ôȶеģ뷴ô
ֿЦһ£ҡֵûûУֻǾð׾ƺơƲźôȥҪʡµġǵȵǿ
̼ΪӣЦû֦Ҳǵøϵľƿͷ׷ײĿԼеľҲһ㡣죬ֹЦ԰Ҽʹûкһ㶼һ˶ˣٰȥǵĶףǮˡôֻһ˵ľ˭
ĿǷǰɣ
һЦ۲תᣡ˵죬ѾÿЦĽٶһܵʱ䣬ܱһˡ
һ㶣Լϸ룬ȴô£૵ҡĲ̫ŮӽĲУЦˡ
ƲƲŮӰƣӺɫ˵ԡֻҪܹԼأſʲô᲻ᡢڲе˵Щ飬ãֻǱԼԸȥˡָ磬Ҹоͬɶˡ
벻ᣬ˵ôԼ⼸·ϵĻһʱԶԣв¶ЩͬѰľֲ̼ǺһЦñֵıһ£ƵһˣǲǱҸղŴţŵҪǲҺȾƣ˵ҲΪġ
ֳһʤ֮Ĵ𣬾ٱһмģһỹؼأ˵꣬а׾ƺһ롣
һЦҲֵǳڿڣЦҵĺָ˵˼лٶȾٱȰ
ȵ֡С£ʱͰѶͷ˸ɾѹ룬ϰҪƣûסæȰ裬ȴһףڰ׾֮⣬ּ˼ƿơ̼ɫĵ̾˿ָ磬ȲͲҪˡԼȾƣǲġ
һԹԹȹʱԹĵĿٴαֻθǱĵؿֱ֡ͱһ̾Ļţܱ߶Ŀϴ񣬸ԼˣضƱҲ˵һʣµıоƸɵƿ˵ıӶϡ
̼ĿѴһЦְ˼УٱȰ˱յȥʱһƿͷּ˵סְʣİ׾ƺȾơϡֻе罥ЩȣƲ֪˭ˮûûζ̼״֪ѾЩŮŮ鰮˵ֱöּӾƾӿѲռľ･
̼Цаϲϡǰ㣬ʵָ磬Ůѳܳĺô
ҲѡһʣȻȾƵĿģڵ㻹ûңô֪εϡѵأ
һЦۿֵһﲻʵ΢ֻεһѣ˵ûϵţȻҰֻ󷽷ҿȻŮѵ£ԲԣƭҺȾƣǸˣ
ָղЩ˵©죬һ㣬ѹԡ̷˳˼ƭҰɣ֪εŮѣ΢﷢ҵĺӰϻǰôܣ˵ĻͲ²ɢھһӣ
Ц˫綶ǰ̽̽һǰֻҪû飬ɵġҾҪɢ˵Ҫȡ֮ҺΣ
һЩѿڶġѾˡǿѹ˻ȥϵ˱ǻƮɢѾľȾƻȴ֪ʲôԭɻؿǰֻ̡ʱʱԶʱʱ£ͣذڶҲģ
ֲ̼˵ֻһصͷԼϺǰΪĬԼڼԼıǮסߺ졣һڣ˻ԼλƱÿҲôҲˣѾƺȵǡؼҰɣ
ʶ½ҲԶҲδȫֻáȾơڶٺһЦٱͷһЦΪ⣬ϸߣٱֻ˯ûбģΪôֵô
ֻ˫⶯Ҳ֪˵Щʲô˵ͷٱٺȣȻȥѰоƵľƿֵ̼ͷղѣٷȭҪ򣬴ԼȥҾƺȣ֪ˡϽϰˣȻ뿪
̽СòײŰѸߴִСܳˮҹ۳һ㺹·ĳ⳵ббסȫԸ鷳޶ãХ˰Сʱһĵ˾ͣؿͣѶͻסС
һ·ϣֵûšҲ֪Լ˵ʲôǲͣ˵ֻþҪǻһЩ˳һֱС˵̼ſڣֱ̺һˤڿɳϲסڣûͣһӣҲ˺ܶƣȻҲǿڸꡣȥȡЩҶˣûȻ۵һתһɳһǽ壬ֵͷŻϿգһǲϵشӺ﷢Ƶʬһ޶
̰ѽһ²豭ȥۼϣͦʬŻߣʹȫַˣݺݵǰš˼ѣȥòϣ۵һƨߣᵽذƮζҧгݵ첲˼ϡ̼Լôֶһ֪ϣ˫գǰζ쵰ôһֱ㣬Ȼǵ˭ȶ㣬˭֪ȻŮѣ˵˴˫ֱۣ㶵ضԼæס˿ڣӡֻֿ˰죬һЦĺ
һ㶣̶ϲüңͷߵˣװ˯͵˼˵ָ磬˵Ļ㶼ôϲ˼ϣɵöûж̧ͷһֵԴɳϣ΢΢ţƺѾ˯ˡ


11
ϲתŭסֵıӺһͨ˱ãϷʣȥ֧ˮ֣һתδûϣһԼĴط±ʣȥϴ衣
ȻأԴȴκҲûʲô֪е첲Ӷҧڶ߶߶죬Ҳ֪˵ʲôԺ˯˹ȥ֪˶ãȻиŮ˺Լ֣ǿۣȴӰϸﻩˮˮķȥ
ֲ֪ķΪʲôô˺һᣬתҵˮ䡣ǰ˼ˮȻͣˣԡһȵӰƹӳŵĴëϡ߳Ůת峿ϵİĿ
Ů˵Ӱ͹£鷿ͬһֱǰͦš󣬰Ѽĳ£򡢴ǰͷеԡһһΰɡ̧ʱ鷿˸״ȴԳϸСƽ̹ͷɣ˦ͷͷһ˦ĶͣŮַԼǰ⣬ͷ˿Ȼһ̧𣬴ϴֳصıԵԡزáϴֳصĸ߶ȶڽСŮ˵Щߣȴ򿪵ļнǼһٶʮȣŮȥд⡣ڵƹͶ£Ե˫޳һֱغŸ裬ȥǽˮСȻ¡תǧءӣعԵżáѸĻ棬سС
Ů˺ܿϵˮ飬ԡסԼ壬Ŷ֣˻ȥƽʱֿ϶ǸȻؾصߣӿʼͲһվۿɽⰻȻӲ֪˶ٱŮ˽ŹѾǰȥýŵס̶һƿ
ڣ˼ɾˮɵǽ棬¡վУؼн˫ȣŵ㡭Ҫʲô
ո˳ԡϴźŨ֬ɫ֪Ϊͷ̵ˮΪɬġȫƤѩףһ㵭ĺڼ׷ӨϾŴ۾Դ־ؿŶ֣һ㲻Ҫ
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Ĵӣӵ̵Ҳˡ̵ĴϢѾأ󴺳ʴűͲᶨģԽ¾ȥȥԼĿƤ۵Ľ̵壬͵һ飬ƿ֡
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̼ٵشϢţȵȣҪòã
̵ԡѾӽ䣬ֻΪ鷿ļͦſ˸档鹵ʹض¶⣬ɫͬţ̰ϸסֿЩͣԼ̼ƽһºᶨʵ׼˾ϲģȥŪã
ֻͷųţȻֳסǡȥɬҵػӦ˵һҺڱ˴˵Ŀǻｻֱֵٴ̵ͦԴҲʼģطֿ
ٴƿ֣ŹԡǣֵߵңڴϣЦԹԵţϾͻ˵գֺؿһۣת뿪
ԥҪҪ˿ӣ̻ʱʱһҡ⴫˽ѭȥ̴ֻŽɫߣƵĺɫԸȹֵĽ˽ͷͷмƲ̫Ŵ࣬Щġȹͬƣ˵ϣ硢ȡۡ뽷ͳͳ¶⣬ֻסͷµȸϵĲ֣ȼ֮ƺԼɼ
ִδ˵龰ܳԼǰɵӶ˿ĭȫעؿŤҡĽĺȻüҶУ̾˫ֹͷɿʼΡһ˫ǰҲӿĲΣʹβȹڿз¶ͬǺɫǲϡãӽٱ䣬ٿһת˱Դ齣Ŀɿڴ
̴ȹǰ濴Ѿʮִ󵨣ǺͺһȣֱصҪиһָĲƽޣƨɶ¶⣬һϸӹɷǰ죬ϵĲϾıӰָɼݣʹԵøˡ
ֶ̻裬ͬʯֵľҲ޷ǰ§ڻĲͼ򣬰ǻȵıϢһһɵĴϡ䱻ͻϮδ˽࣬һȻŤԼĹɼĥֱֵӲشԼο裻üλֵǰأֱС㿪ʼͦŻػԼıͷӦֵǣֱϢӲƣȼһĻ档
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͸оȫѪӿС¡˫ȼ䣬ǾеһŵͲʱȻһӡ澱籩꣬˫ָÿһ缡ǡ硣ŵĺȹľۼ䣬¶̺ͷһ䣴ˮ̺Ӳͦģѣʤա
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Զͷסϵĺ춹Ŵ쾡ȫҧСѾҲ˻ֱ˫ȼԴȥָֿϸƬ۱֮УǡýˮĶڵס谭ﷳ꣬סһͼӳϣֱ˭֪ϸϸĴӵʮ㣬ϳýȴ˿ûжϵļ
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~~ţԣҪҪҪҪ£Ҫͣ
Ů֮ϣǸçԼܣ˼˼Էĸܡʱһ˼ǹˮԲһھͿǹô򵥵¶û뵽ֻһζҪѴӳϡƫƫôСŮʹθڣνš
ˬؽкϣǸѱˮ͸Ĵָһžһص˽ܴȼһƬؽ˫ȼндˮ糱ӿʪµĴʧ֣ܲ˵ȥקָϸȴһץס󣬴ϵ۶ȥ
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ֻ񣬰Ѱϵʳжָķɿ죬Ƚ󣬴һˮ졣ָײҲžẕ̌ɴ˺Ū´ûѪɫִִҲסֻץšּͷءСͦȼнһ˫СѾڿвͣζ֪ԼŪø߳ʱ㡣һ˴ǹδͷţֱץ̫ȻƽʱԵøӲͦЩȴʵܵĺܣǷס̵ҵҪ߬ˣܲˣҡҲɣ
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̵ͷֿʱŴϸʱȴʪѵĵطȣĵطÿ涼ָԼһΨһвǣ̴ŵ߱Ӵļ⣬ͷʱǱǼֵСϣʹ񡣱ʮºժ˰ɣҺʹ
һЦ̧ͷǰʵժߣģŮ˶ϲߣժҪ۵ġ
һûüشѾ̧ȥժ߻£־ǰȻģ·𿴵̵˱仯СҲų󣬶̶̼ʱ侹Ȼһˡ

ֱǰ˼һĻ𾪣һǰŮ˵־Ҳ˵̻ûĽޱ飬ʵ֣ʲôʱߵſڽ࣬ûжָָſڵҰѵˣ׿ں˵ɣҪǲ˼˵ҿԴͣҰʱ˵Ļԭԭ˵
˳Žָķȥֻεɫ԰׵վſڣ̻ǸЦӣε䣬վһּεͷһᣬǳ⽭ҥҲʱʲôû˵
˵©죬Цתͷεôǰûؼңһֱڲңһҹ
εͷ˫ֿۣĶˣƿһԾ´ţ˵
ֻųڣ½ܣŰѲ˵𣺡֣˵ôһֱ㵱ֵܣȻţһߺţһ߾ٵ֡
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ַһ壬˸Ŭػ룬ļͣСﺰһϰˡ̼һӦӹɣĶԼûк÷أ
ţؽҿŵޱͷԼװһ۾ͿԼȻδѵСܵܣȫߣζΣϣûľѣߺȻ̵Цָ磬͵ʲôҲ£
һæԼޱ̧ͷŷѾûڴߡֻһ˫ӡѼͷɫЬȳ޳˫ȳţսһΣ׵Ĵֵۡĳϣʷʴ󡢿տյ°ڳΰ࣬ʹԵøӽСһѳ˲ڿһһΣŵЩζɢڿС
ּһʮֱ׼һҹ峿װ磬֮һϣ֧ʵûʲôɣ
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ˣô˵ģֿϵĽߣһ˿ԤС
һĻҧҧ´Ц˵̫ˣû˯ѡ
ʲô־һ˫ۣƣѽܱܲ˵


12
̰һۣ§˼ҽбϿӽ˼Ҵ㡭ԣĿӱϴˣûɡ
ҽ㱦ˣʵ벻ʲôһɻʻһڴͷϡСܵĶڿػεЩʹʵĸд𷽲ŵξʵʵЩֲٴοʵûʲôɣ
̼ɬŵᣡ§˼ҵʱô⻵ˡȻͣڣɴ۾ʵָ磬㲻Ĳ˰ɣ
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̼תǲԼĻ磬صһţߵҾ֪ǸһеĲӳ˵㣬ȻЦ֤ݣҲɲ㲻ϣָ磬㣬ǸսŮǲǾ½ܵţ
˵֤ʱǲ죬һǾĪʵô֪ģ
һָ֣ųβŶһ˷ܵԭǸŮ˽нȥҸ½ܻظ绰ܺԼţҪˣ
˵֪Լһαڲһ˴ֹ𣡡֣Ӳϻ䡣űӵԼǰץס̵ĸ첲µвУôһŪһôˣ
̱ߵƣתͷб֣ίί˵˵ݺ¿϶ǼٵģȻĵλôôҪҶһƬģȴ鶼ϳϣ˵һ᲻
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㡭µģ˵ģֳױ̵ĽܣԴɥ׷ʵȶ֮󵽵׶˵ʲô
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̱ĺָܽоԼűӵֶݽԼĶͬݽԼĻ⡢Σ޷԰Ρ૵ң˵ô໰
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̵СֱֱƵʶո󣬶ȴģ䴹ŵץš̵֣һЦʲô㣿Ҹʱҿϸϸһһ׷̵ʶĺأ˵ŻϷϼϼ̿ŶǶ
˽ֵ֣˼ȴȫԼƺ³ϡԼΪ»ǿ޷⣬ÿǲ֮ڿڵġ֪ôܣԼֶ˵ҪõźãȻĴȥ˵Ȼ´ҡѾڣԼǸġ뵽Լѻݣžεڹ˾еΪֱ龪ģӶŲһ¡̸ֵܵĲףΪԼŪʹæʵôˣأ
ʻе֣ȷԼһҹʵһ̾ҡҡͷʾ£ọ̃˵ʲôûУ
һʳָߣƤԺ󶼽С̣ȻҲ㣡ֵͷһϲ̶ɫûУû˵ʲôˡ˵꣬˿ֵ۾͵͵شСʵкö࣬ǡĺʪû֮ġ㡭ҪôҶѧ㡭
̷ϻݣ̤ʵһЩȴôҲܾǡŮʱ˵æҡͷʾã̶Žйòʼ䡣Ҫ§̣һŤܿ˼ֽ̧µһ縷˿ڶŪˣһ԰ɣӦûϵϰ࣡
ϵıӱ˽ڵУĵȥ̡ʱֱӵ˵ϡ
æҵʰסԼҪƵʣϰࣿڼˣ
˸ЦϣʮһˡŴֲֳмԺΪ˳ˣҵļϸ࣡Ҫĳٵ£Ҹ绰ˣ֪һ𣬲˵ʲôġ
ֱ֣ܵһҲޣǶ˲ɻϿЦεܣû߱˰ɣ
һЦ£תţʱƮɣһᶫˣ
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ϴǷʱĻﲻ٣˷ʢҲ̴֪ӼͿʼæжĿת̡˫գЦеصؿ֡˿ֿ̼Ҳ䣬ôűʲôûѱɳϣԷָָϣҲ֪ϲʲôŪЩ
ֲ̳ԷֹűڲǰԵĶ˸ɾͿտҲż㣬Ҳ˲Ͽֱ˸ơԼ˼ھͷ룬Цſ͵ĳ࣬ʱٿּжʳٷŻ˿ӣʹǰϣһֻѾֵϡ
ָо̵ĽѾҪװ°㿪խСռִ٣ֱǱ޿ɱܡ̽ѾűӴᣬȫҹ˫ڿлεСţһͱŪԳҲص㣬ϲûãֱ⡣ӵĴǰ̵ĽѾ¾ͳɹ˽ȥէ΢ֲزһ¡Щϥײӣı̡һ졣һЦýֵֺڽֵС֮䣬ֿʼŤͦμӲ͡һᣬ뵽ɶˣһҲǸɣҲǸɣǰСһأԺԺ˵
ö⣬һʹһ߶Ӻ̸ոյõţ̣һ߰ŵֻ쵽£ס̤ԼϵСѾĦĺָϸ̵Ƥһ޶㲻һ컾ǲʵ
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һʣٿؽ˫Ŵгϣǰ㣬ջʵָ磬ҽЩʲô
û뵽̻֪ʣ֧˰죬ڴ۰ͰͿһҧ㣡
˵ϣֵذһۣȻͼЦ˫棬һҡͷһߵᣬåˣ
ּ״ΪĬѰ˼һЩȥ̺֡ȻΪҲŪˣ
סɫ䲻֪ϵԭȴ֪ЦǻͬͷһˮϨ˫ȼֱָʵǸ˴ǹҲѸٴͷƫеصţ̶ˮˮ¶Ѿ࣬Щ̣ûз໽˺󣬼±ֲˮٿ׵ǹͷѾͨһƬҲһɿشϵֽ˼ֽƹӶ׹ǰһСϴһֽϸϸáֵͷԼߵ̣Щʹֿ졣
̷ֵ״̧ͷϿһۣȻЦһ߬סǣɳ۴УЦʢһתֺѯʵ̵˻ʵ˵Ի֢״ĨһЩɣͷҡƲƲ죬Թֻ˵첻ˣֲԶ롣ҪҪô󰡣ûϢҪ̻ˣԺô죡˵꣬ϸϸһ飬ʵţҰ·Ūãһϰȥ
˵꣬תߵ̨Žżȥժϵ·´ȥ¶ʵ𣬹ɹеϸҲޣʲôû
ֱֿĭȴֲΣ죬ֻñ۲۲Ϊ᲻续ǰĽ۾ſһϸ죬͸ë֯ɵ͵͵۲졣ȡ·ڻ΢΢Ƥǽǲ֪ٴβҲƣԹԲٶһ̸ɡ
ֿһᣬ̵α°嵲סûʲôɿ׼ıᾫͷǱȴѾʼϳµĿӣӺѽڰϣؼһĶڶͣʱҲôɽԳͷӵ״
̱ʱֱ۾ͿԹĵطʱҪת°һȥŪչЩɦŪ˲˼̵ְ桢ͱ濴˸׵ףֻһǶȲһΪҹܹһɫȴԵ̵ع񫣬̺Ȼٶתбǽϣ˫۽ǰݺװͰͣɫǣûУ
ֱҴ˼ͷһЦûȳشѾƽʵָ磬˯Ҳ˯ˣҲˣռҵıˡǣŮѵˣôҸأ
ֱס˼Լ˵ĻҪεѻݣ֪λشƺѲµˣԹ̾˿ĵ˵ҲԸΪ㣬ɣҺԼ¡ֻҪ㶼ܴӦأǶҸˣ
һ̾ǰһʵУָѹ糱ӿ𣬲ͷãã
ףʳָһֻҵʱ뺰ұС̡
ֵͷʱѾ˾ģжôѣֻҪԼܹһʡʱĵһȻ˼򵥣һס׷Ƿʱͷ϶ؿһۣڶͽøϹв㣬Ҳܺ¡ֵͷǺˣԽžͻݵԽ縶ЩۣЩ˶ϣ
Ǿ³½֪űʵ˹ϵĽץŪ̵ڶ£ôҲҲʵͷ˵Ǻˡĸ֣˵⻰ӵ׺ȻСͷһԥԥص˵ͷ
̼ͬǿһ̾Ȼõǰϣ§סĲգԺҪˣȥεͺãԺúô
˵ʱµһֱӲ֮ػصǻ˿ϣͷ·ݽߣƺܸо¶ȡ̵ɢŵһ˿һƵֵıǻ·ξֻ֡ӵʱ䣬㽥ʹӲض̵Сϡ˵һԼµݣҲԣԥ֮ظ˰Ӳ״̬ͷҲ̵ĲݴС
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13
˺ܾãɻԾ̧ͷȥ̣ԼĿϣڵͷص˵㡣еһȥ§סֵͷһԡûпеı仯ȴĶܵЩᣬҲþòԸſûԼεĵŮ˳ӵ벻˳ԵʱȻ˿аķӦ˿û뵽ĽȻȻھܰĻһҸ
죬ɿӵֵ˫ۣһǣֿȻָյЦݵ˵Ǹг½ܵת㣬׶԰Ѿˣ˳ȥ԰
̵תɿ죬е㻺ľȻͷʱѾ뿪ٺõߴٵ촩·ȥϰɣ
ٴΨΨӹ·ʱȴܾ̾ڵվãӱڿ㿪ʼһϣϸϸµÿһط룬ֽͳĶŻԭλã˿ּԼּ֣α裬ǲټ֣ؿȡʪֽԼ۽Ƿޡ
ֵ̽ϣ˺˼µشһȻЦֱЦĪһͷԼĴţһʵôﲻԾô
̰ڰ֣Цûû£ˣȥϰɣеˣ첻ȥˡ˶˵ҲŮѿᡣ
Զԣּӣֻõ˵ͷתĥĥȥָϴŵİ֣ںЦȵȣɵϣ
̺ͣһϲתͷʵС̣ô
΢̶ЦһС̱һ֪ǿ˶ٱ۲תּʵϲض˸ۣڲ輸СУ㣡ģˡ
ּ̲ҪԼЩʧҲʲô档ʧءŶһӹдڶվһᣬٲڣֻȥʱ˿δŴͷֵ
ǿ˸Цݣʰ뿪Сҵվȥ˾Ĺʱѽ磬°߷ڣֻɢɢż˿͡ϳ۾ˢˢؿһֱڳβòջĿ⡣
ûôע˿͵ķӦλϺҵػ⼸췢顣ղ̼УԼĪ㺣ɰԼܡѾ˳ȴֱֵŮ˽˼ȻΡ뵽ǸԼʱԺгֵεݣǾԼ޿ɾҩԼɰǸҵŮ˷ĿϵΪеġ
ͷˬڴĵ绰ȻһǸİ룬ԥŽˣȴǸյˡû˼ԱӦ˼Ҷϡ绰ϺĻһŵɫҪҪǳɧŵ绰ֲ֪ɱܣ˱ֽ֮о򿪣ӳһɫС绰ǣϽдźɫ֡صһ£һؼ¼ӳȫε֡
һֱΪ칫˾⣬ε˵ġ绰ȴû˽ӡǸԡʱеļ¼֪˵ԭʵ顣˼ڼշתǵʱԼںͽҰ֮£ʱŨŨǸ⡣Ҫ绰ӵǸȴּһŮҵӣҪһһظԼǧҪٶεκϣҲҪٶãȴֻŵԼҡŭص㷭ֻεֺȻں̵ֻĹԼ̶ֻһһεعӶԼᣬǻҵй㣬ֻŭһٲܽͷ֮ޣҵ̵ĺ룬˹ȥ
绰˺ܾãһֱû˽ϵָӷꡣڣڲڶʱ˳˵ĵһ仰ûƢ
һΪ벻Ҫ֤أ绰Ƕ˵˵仰˸ĺǷֵᣬ˼Ҹող˯ŵġ
ЩʱԼľƺԣ©̱Ļʱһ˵ȷʵ߹Լҹȵ֤ݡǻŭѵߵ̼߳仯ΪУʵ㡭㾿ʲô֤ݣƬƵ
ʧءšһưͷ˱رܶ𣺡ǵ绰ֻŶ
û취ֻ̾ҵС̣֤ݸҰɣԥСС̣ܸоĶҺãν֤вңʲôأҡҲǷĵЩϲ㣬ֻǡֻǡ
ִ̾ΪֱͣþûгҲ֪ٽʲôֻסһվ㿪һվνЦһŵָ磬бҪôô˭ֻ¶ˮԵɢָһ࿴ô϶ûд򿪣ȻͲˡƬһֱǸλãʱ顣ԹԵҵĻôʣµĸ¶ǵƬ;԰ȫҷƬƶλãҾͰеƬ͸ε
ֵ׷εʱҲֻͷεĶãȻˮɵߵһͬʲŵ绰жǽڱ׵ĻǴδйġڣоЩ̣ûϵ̾˿飬ĿʼвԼʱ߳ụ̆ŮˣһΪǸŮ˭֪Ȼͽһ·ɫ
ûпƣϵĳ˿ٴˢˢ绰Ƕ˵ȴƽĳ棬ֻǿңҲýС̵ģӦҡ
ͬȫһȭ޻ǽϣֻеķŭϳ˿͵۹һһ˻ȥȻǿѹҺҪˣû취Ĺϵвҵģ
̲мЦӵ绰ﴫǺǣôûдҪôᷭң֪ԼҼҽ˶ٴε֣ͻһţζֿġ
һϸ˼룬ȷʵ̲Լδ¡һҹ䱻ͬһŮЩ飬Ҳ־죬ǿȻ°ȥ㣬ٺúý£
һЦ糣ָ磬ոմӦңģϣ˵㻰ҿ㣡˵͹Ҷ˵绰
ֻֻƵǰĻڣط㶡ûã绰һ𶯣ĻҲ𡣼ֳС
С̣һϢ
ƬǮȷʵǿѣҲټ֡ӦΪ£ұ֤Ƭ⴫޶ȣû
֪Լֻŵָĵ˲ȣ㿪ſ仰ͳСУ򿪺ȻһɫƤʳǮСǮûӣϳˣֹơһӡӢĸԣ٣̵̡ϽǻиСС֣ǮУĿǴ͸һ޼˳ߴƬһ󣬷ֲֽͨİֽƬǺ̺Լ§һĻȴ㹻̵ԼϣԼۣƺһֻץ鷿ǡðסϵ̺졣
˿֪жƬ֪µƬʲô߶ȡæֻȴҶϣֻöŻظ㾿˶Ƭʱ̻ظҵӦˣ뵽ʲô㡣ּ𣬷ʣȴû˻Ӧĵ绰ŷѾػˡ
־ؿǱһ飬ûһ˿ͷ̻ʲôӵֶΣⲻäĿ˵һָоǷձգܹ黹ǷĲ¡
ǮеƤȴñ̵ĽѾ̴ͬԣƬȴ£ǻεץסѱ̶˵ġεԶֿ仰ȻʬΣݺȡЩϢ޹ܵȣѾʼŮ˷ӵıѣȴδҪλߺֿͷǣҪβܺԼñӵŮ糣ȥָſ»صǰమһҲûС
Ƴʧ޶ݵ·нͬãѾ·ǻһѡܿ쵽վֵȴ˰̫Զʧ˳ʬײд¥Ĵšĵط˶עĿֱۺϲͬЦŰ
ָ磬ȥĸŮ˼ҳԵ⣿ϻˣ
ֲԣŲһգŷԼĶͷдŸġ֣ǻųļƲӣһֱչʼȻΪϴ䵭ȴȻĿ
˸ȥһͬµȥһϴǰŪɾ̧ͷžԼܹԼϻ滭ʱǹŵĽЦݡתּСϱΪԼʱǲЦоκŭӿЩܰ׼ذ칫ңŲȥֻղŴǸͬЦָ磬㡣
ֽܼ˰칫ң£ͬҲ̿ʶԼĶͷգ˵ܴ绰Ȼɿſʵܣң
ܵ˵ͷ̧ϸϸһһɫЦҾһԣû뵽㻹ˡôúϢϢֺ֧֧ᣬЦ˺ˣˡȻˣȥ껵°ɣĶҲ׼ȥ̤̤ʵʵ°ˡ
Ӧǣְ׶԰ѰסҪȥ¸ܡܸмˣлᣬѹԸٸһ׶԰¸ϽŪáÿʮ绰ңǷͷˣ
ЦЦܷ˻ɧ½ƴһ뿪ߵ²⣬ǽڵǰžẓ̇εͷһһվʱʱضʾָָ㡣ȥ鲻Ц񻨶һϣεȴе겻ᣬֻǿЦּεӣΪԼҹδ޶ķƣںû֮ǻһӵһ档תֿ껵ļϣʱʱױ˲İͷ𣬰̤˽ȥ
²İ칫Ȼûţǳڴа칫ǰ˽ʱҶῴʱɫݣ·з磬һ˵ע⣬ͣеĹε֣һžüͷԥƬ̣ͷȥ鿴Լϵĵԣȴһһµֽվ֮۹һֱԼ⸽תƣǿʵָ磬ô
ֺ޷ңʲô㲻֪ôڽǰ껵ҳһ¡
껼߲ƣһһӵʣָ磬ʲô°Ҳ԰ǻ˵ʲô£²ͬ£һ˾ܺȥ𣿡
бһƳһŵǰϣݡ
ԣһ𣬺껲ԼͬضһۣȻһȥεεޱ飬װ°Լĵԣɫȴ÷죬˫ҲһӴֿεǿ򶨵ӣиѻٲԣ°ʾ껳ȥתߡͬ˪һ㣬Сظתߣͷɨվڰ칫ſڿԼߣŻȻ֪Ǿ仰ȫ˵Լġ
ôվﾲĿţδһԡֲ֪ʲộȻԼ˵²Ųʡ£ԥҲãǽŲֱͣ˷ݵ¥ݼ䡣
칫˶࣬Ѿů磬ȵ׶ס¥ݼȴǱһƬֻ˼£֪էһ䡢ܲסΪ־壬˼䡣ֹܿ˻ս²㣬˼̨ףӸµؿ껣ӱһ򣬵ʱ࣬ɰ
ʲűŭͷԣʵǲƯǾĽ⣬ȴŪǽ֪ƴƣҪܵʣԼݺ¾ֻбҴķݡȻصѾɾ껾Ҳƾ֤ԼףʹʧȥܵҲǵòʧοиۻ˵Ѿ˶ԲߡúõıƣԼһͷԷŪ˱Ǻοգ
תŸͷ¶ͳ̵֧ϡ껼ֳĬϺƺлȴ֪ôĵãæóȼս̽ʵָ磬ǲҵģ
˿ڷ֪òʵشû˵һҾ֪ǸɵһǳǣĲǶ
껻Ʊ飬һȡ̵֧ݸ׷ʵĸɵƣ
껽ӹ̵ţ˼ڣüҾǲ֪˭֪һҪÿ
Ÿһȭĳ嶯̿תķɿ죬ȴԣͬ̽ʵҽһϰܾңҺ̸ǰݵ¡ôôСģʲô


14
˿ĭ޺޵ָ磬鵽ϣҲͲˣľԣǺ꾫Ȱܼ3p˵ʹڣ־ú˾һŮˣϵְܽʱҲ˰˵˵û뵽ʱǸ͵ܵɵƴ¥ϳŵøϽܵ18ȥ󣬿϶ɵϳˡץס϶ģҵ汳ġεĻ˻ˮã
λ־ϲϲ棳ָ̾ûεĻôԼӿ϶ûңȻ֪͵ܵ£һ֪ײǼ˾͵ˡ֪Ǹ˾ԼȻҲ˵ⷬ
ϲϲȴѹ׷ε£ȴɣֻǿƽһʵô֪Ǹ͵ܵģ͵ʲôˣ
ָ֪гĶŹɣͰֵǸ껵Ļϻһ򿪣Щ޲ļƣƽʱϵͦõģͻȻʰְˣҾȥô¡ĵĸңΪ͵ܺһŮܰϢܸһ⳥ְұܡҲͣ׷ʣصĺ˵ǲᱻֵģиɵˬʱ͵͵˽ȥŪ˶ɵˣŹȴץˡŹ˵꣬Ͳµ¥ϳǸ˿϶͵ܵɵơͷܼ໹з£赭д˵Сĵ㡣ôСİһ²ؼҾ㿴ղҺʱ򣬷ã˵˾仰仰˵ǸûСˣ
껻ǹһ˵һ󴮻һֱԼȲͷҲǻԼ˵̫࣬æס˿ڡ˼̣ʵָ磬ʲô˼Ҹղ˵ЩǸɧɱͱ˵Ź˭û˵˾û֪ˣ
ּ֪껲ûкԼңݺ±ЩھΡһһɵƵغţЩȻǸæҡҡ֣ͷģҲǸ˵ˡ˵ڲǸ͵˵ʱ⿴ġ˵ΪӰ칫˾ȰˡҺ㻹з̸ֱһ£⳥µĹʣԶְܼǱߣȥ̸
˵꣬ͷڵϺݺݲϻ쵰ԼŮ˱͵ˣﲻˬǵӰʲô˾ˣǸܽ¥ݼ⣬û֪˵Ȼͣסתʵָ磬ĲץסǸ͵ĸǶûУ
껲תĿ죬޵ĶҲ˲ͱˡּһӶԼӺ֮Ǳͬ飬úЦֶƭЩ̣ǰοԲļأӦץסˣ̸ְҲ¡ָ˼껵ȰͱӲˡ⳥Ҳ٣Ǯ߰ɣôᣬѧָߣʲôĹҲ粻ֲ˾䣺ﶼкǰ;һﰭۣϾǹ˾Ƴ쵼ˣǿûʲôô
̾˿΢ᣬûˣҲֻˣ˵ܻ顣죬ͷһתҽ˾²ֻεãҵܵô̡ÿ˵ָʱ򣬶мӡҹǹ˾涨ͬ飬޸˼Уָ磬ε۹⣬ģ
ƽ껺ֵĽǺܶ࣬¥Ȼֵ˵ľٶֵĻɡ˿ôһ˵ʱȥ˴ǡĻϲϹ˵껼ʾο˳ʵǰε¥ݼ䣬Ȱ㲻ҪԷ˵£
һһתͷüëʵεҲˣû
˵ϲüҡɼĸ˽¥ݼʱӣεҲûʱ˳ѵҲԼһ͵뷨һֵٿ˼¡벻ƬԸӻ͵͵ʵзֵң󲻵ĿãһԷ汣صжʱڲֲ࣬Ҷ룬ҲԸ룬ղ˵εȰ㣬һΪ׷أ
ҡҡͷ˵ûС°֮ǰεڲˮȻ˵ҲҪͷ顣Ȼû˵£˹⣬ûʲôĽˡҲº뵽εڰʾʱҪǴһͺˣĻӣ˶ֵ⵹ù¶ǷģһȥϷǺݺݸڲɣҪǸҲңҾ鷳ְŵĲ´Ьģ
־εͨҫŵ֪ҵģת뵽ܾǷε΢£ڶŮ˸ǲˬ˿һ˵ͬһ󷶷侲ֵָ磬ǾɣһȥʰˣһӶٶˣ
ְּһҲˮԼȥ˺ô鷳¸мϵ˵УֻǸˣҲΪһȥܣȡҪЩ⳥Ժʲô£ܰæģҡ
껵ͷָ磬ס
ٴ껵ļ򣬽̸һǰһ¥ݼ䡣껻²ȥܰ칫ҡ˵ɾɾĸĵ̸ԥشӦļһµĹʲֺȥ׶԰£뿪ߣպײ껱Ÿֽеȵݣεվ˵ʲô˼֣졣ش˸кεվɼȴڵһºˡֲµ껿϶˷Լ֪ҵ£Ż᲻˼бģᣬùŮˣֽ͵һſڣְ˳Ÿ
ڰ칫£ֻҷȻû½ܻص绰绰һͨ½ܾЦźһͨ٩ȻթһٷھƣŸ׶԰԰µľ˵ֱ꣬Ӧ˺Ⱦʱ̸һľϸڣعҶϡְֻϣٱҲԼȥҵԼﲻ֪ôЩǵõʱԼĺΣεԺи֡뵽ǰҹֻ͵δ죬ԼȴΪĳǸˣиѹ뵽ӶԼȷʵԼԼʱǼ֪̬ȣһ¡
һͷϵֻȻһһɨĻʾһͷʹֲ֡ӣֲҲӣֻüͷ绰
ι򡣡绰һֶͨصǱһĿš
̶֣úƲֶһԴæֹ㡭Ϲ˵£
ԷЦЦʮˬʡŵǰ£Ĵһˣ
Ȼƺȫһˡɡϣ˲һҹ컣ǵ½ܽʱŮ˶ԼַȻ֪ǲĽɣݽɴ˿̻ܵı̼һʱ
ֲ˵ȴ˵绰ﴫĽصĺЦСɫĴǲһ˵ˣڳﻹװһȻڲѵӣʵ͵˰ɣѰ˼Ъһϣ˭֪תͷȥŮˣҪϹղŴ绰ңһһֱΪǸ˾أ
а½ܰԣϴӡ
һһŮٲٵģʲôӣװˣ֣ƵļҴ쵽һֱţȴñɧռıˣҲܣ⣬ʱֻܸҡȻҽ֪һξ»Ҷûӣ
Ϊɧ̲꣬סŭͷ𣬺Ǿ仰û塣Χͬûע⣬ѹŭҾ㣡㲻һҷŸɾ㣡
绰ͷĽַŭǵû£һЦЦЦһһ֣źôˬҪȥǸ꾫͵׼ܺЦ˼ŵؼȥҰʲôͬ°࣬Ҫ㡣ԺҲеģǸһռµģ
ֱŭ֣˿а˵֣ǻ߳칫ңͺ㲻ҪвңҪεȻҶ㲻
һЦų~~˵򰡣ҪٸǸɧ꣬ҵ绰ŶУϻؼҿѾ˵ĵ˵꣬ŻͲһѧ˸Ķֻش𣬱һӹҶϡ
ι˼Ǳûֻε绰޿ʮֲˬȴûһ취̵ԼĽĲֽ⿪ǳؼҼεٺú̸һ̸ŪôһʮַУûؼҳ˷в˼˰죬ֱ°ʱ䣬ͬ¶½½뿪ǿ˾
Ӧûȥ
˵ĶԣεʼԼεռλãɶҡֻεڵĵطԼļҡ΢ŵǿ϶ʵ˵ģϸʲôδ֪Լʵʵڵֵͬܵڹ԰ҰϣΪӲҶ̷ҹεдȣԼΪҲѾ˸ƽԺҲѻظǰǻûܵʱ⡣磬ôˣպŹӰɣֻҪεԺҲ͵飬΢¾͵ûзȻ
أǸͻˣԼڱķ£ٷǶһ˼ʱ£ȴԿû߼뵽΢̬ȣǶһ˵δֻһͬڻϼ忾ôܡһ·ͷ˼üУֱǰһ˫ɫСЬŻٿ̧ͣͷһЬ˾ε
ʱ°ʱ䣬򿨻һȺͬΧŴ򿨣εסȥ·ؿε۹⣬֣һؼô
ͬǰռֵһĻϷݣŮȴһľε̾޸ǳȴǱεĴ󵨾ٶһ˵Ĺϵʹ˱¶Ӧ벻Ӧòԣһʱڵ
δ飬ڹ˾̶ǣεǵѹ֪Ǻ֮£ֻΨһÿĽԭίҲ֧¶ֱܣ˸ڸ⡣ְ󣬽ִ绰һ绰Ȱ֮εںģƴ˹ȫҪҲҪȫɷԼİε֪ûǰ̨ͣ⴦ֵȥ·˿̲˵ԼȴɷشСһƬϼԼǾ䡸ЩǿЩǿֵҼҲԶôˣ߰ɣ˵꣬תȥݡ
ּεˣ˵ʲô̫ۣæϡݵˣ˶ЦŲͬϣյֺεˡû˵һ·ڵؿ⳵ǰ˳ַ˳ӣ뼰ʲӵĴ󵨸ߵԳ𣬵תӵΪȫԼָжѡ֮䣬ʻλϵεȻ̽һѽ§ס૵ϹԲ𣡡
εûͨŮĵĽһԴڳԼĴ󡣵ֳһз磬һǸεҲǸ֪ԡζŮˣˣԼĴȣҲٶԣֻüӱֲֺİˣԲּûε˵һֻ˶ˣĻֹͷ͵鱳Ȼļϣǵʱͷ´һٹԼ⼸Ϊԭ¡˿ǿס룬ȴûסεͷһǡ
ؼҰɣ
ε˵֣һãĨ˼ѣ΢Цͷð
ֻһڣԼҲоظһ㣬תͷһЦݳ·һ·żӵ£ȴ㳩ͨεʱֺȲˮʱιһƬǣЩȤźͷ£һɷСŮֿ̬ʼʱͼܾվݲģʱţŰĴ
üţεһӾͽ˳ϴһͨæּҪæƳȥɳϴ򿪵ӣٹʡſţƤܣԺɳ˯֪˶ãоҡԼʱǷƮ㣬ĵһѾںãֻá˷գε׼ϴٴεڳ⡣ϴϴˢˢ˱ǰͬɳϣ첲ͷϡֻ뿪ҹȴѾ뿪ӺͼҵůͰѰӵСֽգڵĶʻȻǿѲǰôˣǽ͵ǸЩ
ûãεߣĿѯ΢ЦȥԡҪϴ衣
ּɫ糺죬֪⡸ϴ衹ĿĲһЦ֡εתɳȻڱסֲˣôôǿƫҪȥôҪǽ˯ҿһΪǸ̡˵˴ٿͣڣתԸϴ꣬ȥϴ˵꣬ҲƵܽ䡣
εеľڵӿԼ̵£ЩԼĶ䣬֪«澿ʲôҩҲǽæεôᣬĴδй֡ܿ촫ˮִǲ֪ξʵĳ̵εԺ･϶ΪһǸƿԡŵȴȻԼһˡ


15
ҡҡͷ˵Դ˦ȥȥ΢ŵ¡ԽǿԼ룬˼·Խ´תʱԺĻһӱǸѹº塣ֲһѹסȡ֮Ƿŭ̶ԱеңҲŵӣȻ뵽ҹӿڵԼһ۾ӫһȴƮİϡԸ񣬱ϾͬŮˣƺӵΪӲԭ£ʲôʸأ˿̸ѰƽӲŶԣ
ЩԼ뷨ȴ־ԼûдԼǸˣΪͿֱ׳ĳȥѰȻֱ׳קűԼı׵ȥץ򣬶뵽᲻ṫƽԼѾŮˣѵΪ˹ƽҪԼȥһô
ȥĹƽʲô쵰߼
ֵͷ޶ԼͷԼļֱ̫ˣԼǸͷβɵƣˣǸִּҵĲɫΪղ뵽ԼѩϾӿܻᱻڶռеʱôһ˲䣬ļһȻЩˡȻֻһţȴظܵŷΪ˶رԼ
ֹ˹˹˼ڲ¶ǣҪֵܳͷϨڿٵⲽϣԼȲҪŮ֮£侲û߼أˮֹͣˣʱſֻԡεǰ
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һŹأŻ¶ֱ׵ӣǰδȻѲǼǰǸֶľûʶ´һʴˣ˷ĴεȻʤաѣʲô̽ԶԶԺֻŸϽȥһǾġ㿴׿һУ䣬ôϴϴɳǰЩӵĸо
һٻֻƿһĨ͵Ļƴ͸˳ּεû糣صƣǼȻֻһյͷСƣѾǴӰľ޴Թɽ亣ζˣĲһ֮Աǣˣв»ϲһִ˿̼гε
εұۺǰб飬䵲ǰֱֱ£סԼһԼݳµԴͷɢ֮ϣϡɱʪδɣ˫һǰһ󽻵ָȼ䡣￪ſյů紺վڴǰյµȴɪɪǵͷŷ̧ͷϱͬľɽб˾ŵСޡֵɴ˫ۣĿԼϴתǰͷһߣ̶ҧŴǺõӣɬִ֡
뵽Ʋأȴ벻ε˴󵨵ӵһʱЩסò׻عͷƴεĲϣӷֳ룬ͬĿӵǰǴʹʱԸ欵ħһ㡣е㲻ǰһУЩòʵǰҪָȷȴִõĻͣ֡εɷڿУ֪˼ǰԼ͵ָϡ
ָָܵĹȣԸΪѣԼ˫ִۣĿգȻľһ㸧ȥĶ飬ս磬۵źۣĦȻ̵ͦΰ꣬⻬ıȻؽ§ԼεĲֵĸ֮ңůĻͣЪָоӵı仯ǱĸδãȴεԼŤƺҪѶԴȻػ֣ȴȻطѾɿ˵סҪ˫֣һԿɿӯյ鷿˫ȼ˽ܺޱչԼǰǰĸ˫壬ʳָضŪ嶥ǿ顣εĺĶԽԽ٣һغϺ󣬽ץס󣬴ϢŴૡ
Ϲûҵ棿
εᣬȴͬһըֵԴһµ죬űεԼϵḺ́ϢѣѡֱΪղſѾǽ߶ȣû뵽ôϷڵԼƬΪŮĻöˣҲԼӻŮǣһδ߶ȵ԰ӵı롣˿Ȼ˵ֱ벻𾪵ͬʱҲһĻĻҵĻһʺš
ʲôӵģȥ᲻ֱ㣿᲻ƬŮһĽ˫ȱƬȪֻʲôζ
ȻھȺͻû˵εȴоֱͦͦضԼĶϡ֪ڵЧ֪ɷΪԼǰıزڴ˿ǽһᣬһԼķݵȥĹһٴ૵ϹҪҪ棿
ֱε仰ʵĻعŲءšһʾ϶ͷѰӣصȥε⧲ʶŲȴ§סʱȵУоҪ͸
ǶӵΪʾֺ֧͸мӦĲһ·£ʱ๥ռ壬ǻȥ鷿£ʱֵĽֳýȻ֪ôȥԥ壬ֻεСֽԼͷ°ϲ֮£߶ȥ
εֵͷ˺󼸲ɵڴϡӰΰѹϣ᲻뿪һ̡˫ڴεķݣһʱȴ˫ȼеü롣˫߷֣ᣬС򲻷ãֱͬȹϵһ㡣ȥԣȴʣ鼱֮£εƨһģ˵ţȷֿҹţ
죬εɵش㡭۲
ǼϣεʲôҪ󣬵۾Ӧˣȥ˫ȡȻʹЩȴڰӵȷֳһдģͣ״Ŀ˵ֻ֮ͨɫһԴڷʺ⸷£۾ɣʤաһϪˮ飬մڴȸѷˮȴδϣڿһҫ͸ϸߡ
ǰֿԳ֣ͷյǰһζԡ¶ƮǿףͬȼںɶɵţʹȫѪʼ˿ǲ㡢ȴԣȴζԼϣ⣬ε϶ŵһմֻεһ°һֻɡƷ࣬һ˿ζ쳹׶ǣͷסǰԴϵһ򣬽ϪˮС
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һ仰ֶУ֡ޱȶƳŽǡѪڡ֮£ٹ£ҲʲôƬмɣÿڸԴڣͷ治ͣһٶçײ˿ȴǡţεʱһ̼ƬĸܡεطҲƲסϢԽԽߡδãſ˫ٶȺ£ֵͷڵС
ε̴ΪһͷͿǻкӿɿʱǡȵ˿ãֻôŲ࿹ɿеĴˮ°͵εδڴϡãžԴѹˣε̱ڴв԰Ƶĵƹ£촲ҹڡʤѩףĴۼֱȥµѾˮﻬԴеģϸСƽ̹ҡӣ΢⶯˲ĶѰ˫촽ǡסʱεȻͷһƫ~~Ҫģ
εô˵Ҳǿֱͦӽ׼׼Ϊһ塣εʱУֵĹͷԴһһ£Ҳŷһ˼ΣǵԲ׼Ŀ꣬һһӵԽԽԶзֲ꣬Ըǿǿڵţ㣬Ҳȥɣ
ƽ޽ϣûԽֻǴ빫ʽ԰ˡ˿εɷ˵ĴףߺһۣҡܲסˣȻҲûбˡȻһӰ㣿
ӣ
ף˰ءε˵ӣԺȳֵľǴɽߡԼǰԿ̷Ľ뵽ڵ绰˵ĶεĲ֪εıжԽĽڣȴ֪ʱ˿ԼǸм
εĿɿڴͷһͣϰ˵ҪǲԸˣһھ֪Լָ˱ʱĹ̬˽˵ļɻ䡣æ̧ͷҪ˵ЩʲôȣȴֿµǸѾֱͦͦԼǰǹͷ缦СһԲϵСڽҺȻѪܱ⡢ᡣȻԼɷӽôʱǻδϸϸؿһʱ𡢰ǲ˼شסǼ⴫һɴζ˲䷴ӦͷСץסԼߵİ֮ܵĻȺͲⴺĵͻʪȼƺָоЩ˳
ε˵Ǿ仰ŻȻ˼صʵӱԣæһ˵šԸ⣬Ը⡹һŲӹǰԼ¡˭֪εδ죬ǽס󣬱ٲִûܺͽһԼǰ񣬸벻Ľ飬ȴٳûжв²ߣҹڴߴ٣ֻһֻץε鷿һֻץԼµŪ
εˬšһǸԼԽӲͦΣʼϰ˶ķԾԶּɣֲٰרעܡ
εСپĥ£ϸǹͷֻÿ춼ڿĹ꣬ҪԵôֲЩ־סǹԽԽĺָԼǹϲأͷԵʼ˸ȸСͷСҺճϣĶԽԽ˳ٶҲ𽥸һɹɳ嶯ǹµغ輰С㼯ͷ뾥ǵǳԽԽУ·ʱ籡
˾ƨɣԼεȻϢ͡εۣȻиʪճĶסԼ촽Ҳ漷ǻǹζ鷿ϴ˿˿Щң˫ͱǶض˿
ֵĹͷСδйྭεУûŴ͡ˣȽӴһֱشǹͷϵСС϶εֻһɬζֱͷ˲׹ǿʲôԱŲŲԴסֵС̵Ǹʲôֻ˵ְģⶫɾ
εסϹʱֶνĻɫȴƫƫչ˿ڽһڲֻһζְŪԷεԽмӣűŻȥ̬ȣסֵĴˬʱֵôߣҪԼ飬Щ졣˵˵ţǰԼĻƬȷʵǼһŮľͷ뵽ողΪԼʱǾܾĻЩԲסԣ˵ԽԽСֲ֪εɲǼתͷΪֻϰԵƾܣּӾԣǻ˵̧ϣͦſȥѰ˫
εԥȻԼƴ̵ζǰԶҡڣɵþʣ͵ؽƿһµͷô޳ܣ


16
ͷϣûзεŵڴβؿεǳŭֱӵǸΣǲ̳𣬵ǻȴһϨ𣬸ոջȫӲǴʱѱȫ޾ɵ֮䡣֪ǺʱεȻһ§סӣͷš
ε˿Ϥ˰죬ȥ⻬ıָմļһűشƷԼСʱԼֱһֻСסһһ½ػץٴνӳ˯лѹ
εԸҹ֮ǰȴôҲǿԼÿֿֻٴΪѾ֪Ů˵˫жô꣬ѾεСֲ֧˿ȴֻͬѥɦԾˡ޸£ֶԸԷѹȫĬѽֹĽӴ֮ϡεŬξ鲻㣬ѵ䷨־һǹǰӲöĳ嶯ֱε첲ʹۼԼֵ֣龫ҺڴнգεڴĴεѩ׵Ĵϡ
εѽһУӴͷϵֽﳶ˼ֽؽԼϵİ׽ȥİֲ֭ҺĹͷһȴ־ԼǱ⣬ЩֽϣطԸԼȻٲֱֲֻؿԼ͹źϼ죬Դϲһۣûҡȥϴϴ˵꣬أߡ
־ҺнԱһƬհףεϺʹϵİ߰ߵ㣬кȻ˵Ļ⡣Щʲôȴ翣ûͷεߣԶȥϾΣʲΪΪ󵨵֮٣ûһܵĸоǡ
ŽεȴŽ첻ʱܹı˶԰ϰߡȻεֲֳӦϾڽ֮⻹ˡ߶ͻ֮²ǺľͿġ
Ī͵¥˼飬θڴ󿪣ԣѵǸ΢ŵļ
ͷֵһ֣ŭʱš⼸콭ߵַʵᵽ˽Ǿ仰Ů˶˵רҡ룬뵽Ǹƽʱ˵ķӾεڸԼϷϸϸػӷڴ齼ı鶯ȾʵޱȣΪ̫ʵô
뵽ӶΪԼڽ±ֳǼװģ뵽罭Լǰһǰֵŭֱ顣ǰЩͬǣŭ𲻽ֱӿһ߲·ȥС¶ˣջǵѹԼδˬּӴӻе˽Ŀ๦ŭӡĿ˼ȶҲƽ˸ͷڴͷûñĿ衣ʱѾȫڣε˯´룬סƽȣ˯˫˱һ˸ϣ߽߱ǽǶҴʵʵŵϰż˯£û˿¶
ֻػһӣε˯ʶߴ˴գ첲§ĸͷ˿ӵȻߣȴһԼǿŮġ
֪˶ã಻֪˼˶ãٴγ˯ȥֱڶҳźȻתʶȥߣȴִǿտҲ˼ҲӦֿ˿ӣȷʱ磬ŴŴԿ׵΢춯˼ȥεżСӣŵطš
ε̧ͷ֣һӷ΢Ц緹Եأ
һůǰҪеĶȴžܾ˶εӣ΢ҡͷһںʼϸʵسıǼϸܵĺ飬ͬŶľٶһӳֵǰŮ˺ͻԼҸޱϤУ޲ʱԶͣһ̡
΢ż¼ֻжãҹ²ǰΰѣ񲻸ã
ţ˼ֿʼЩңɵһŮϡε˼ڣ̧ۼֲֻ꣬ǶؿԼæ̧գֵͷ˿ϣʵôˣҡͷȻһЦߴٵ԰ɣȻóٵˡ
ֻعЦŵͷһꡣεʰӣȥ¡·֣΢΢һڿж˶ŵϡִ룬εߴ٣ִױϣЯһͬš
ͬͬƳļ⣬δЯֲ硣εϸỬС֣пεȥҲǶоΪִֵ֣΢ͷ˼
ǣε˳ã·;һֱĬεȻִŹҵ˵ϣؿʵϹְ
ֺ޷ŵȺƵĻתͷ˿ӣŴǡǵķô죿˶ֵȻÿ¸ȥǮ࣬ϾǱʿǮʡõģΪҺ͸ĸֵôǮǲû˻Ҳֻ塣ټʱ˵ټָҡܺҡ
Թ˵ţǱߵεĻﻺջ֣ƣؿαϣ̾˿ĵص˵ĶԣڵҪ̫ˡ
εеȻͷҲһᣬΪԼܶת뵽ԼǱʽſԲӻ׼ں˵εȴѾͷת򳵴ָŴǰ湫վҷ°ɣת͵˾ˣͬ¿һġͣһ½ŵ°ʱ̫嶯ˡתͷЦݣٵûй㣬ֻԼеϣ̫ˡûµģҾһʲôϻؼҳԷʱ˵òã
εȻ˸ʾ䣬ȴ͸žǿᶨ֪ڲɫѯԼҹǺԥشӦεһЦͣóȥ
εߵò죬ȴ˿ûͣһʧڽֽǡһֱĿֱͣӰʰǰûε䣬ֱת빫˾д¥ͬĹԢȥ
ܵסǹ˾ŵģڹԢмһд¥ҲǲӵԶ־ͽ˸λѳͣãͨܵĵ绰ܿԵȣûãʹ˺һͷԵСкڳǰָæ³ܵĽܺĸĸк˵Щ֪֮ĻֶȥܵĶӡСкؽáͶ㵽Ҳû˶ôжϳĸһЦձ㲻ôʽæ򿪳ţϺͺý˺ҪܿʱȴЦһ䡸нţûϵҪź򡹡֪ܿʼԼˣǻϲˣЦ˼ʻҡ
ԢڳǶ׶԰ڳǱһ澡ƽȣһһ̸̸ЦЦʱ׶԰ǰ׶԰ŽΪϸгϷһȥһ޵ҳԺϴ̵ƣŸСЦݿ˿֣Ȼû˵˭̬ܿȡ֮ϲϲֹȴӽͣãһ԰칫ңߵŶ룬Ա½ܵĹùþϳԼֶӴСһ͵еؽ֡˾䡸û´ӲҡȻظŵָܼÿ˱衣л䣬ſʼ̸԰¡
г½ܵڣһдӼֿʮְѧѣǰȻǲڻ¡̸ļ˳磬̸ֿʼ˵ЩӵĽ⡣̸ֶ˿Ȥ߶߶ֻƣǸȥ̡
칫ҲԶǽҺϷңһȺһȺܺ泳ֵ÷зӯ졣ֵԶЩŻ̳ʯ̨˼룬ȴӺһŽ˼Ĵպÿſһźӵٸں˵ĸŮǳٵˣҳؿͰ˽ٸòڣױݴҲֻйоأüۺǴЦ˵˾ÿ׿ɽһһͶмַϣ·ҡʮ񣬶֣ܺһ£ҺͳԺȥҽѡ
ֻͷӦһٻعͷʱȴٸ˸䣬Լķ˹ˣʱٸǰȻһЦҲǼҳôãҽ¦ɺܸ꣬ʶ㡣
ǻ˺ܶջȴֲ׵õ
ִϿидһ仰һʱ仰˻ɡҪнܾ˽ҪŮӣ̾ͺʱس֡ոֻһ¦ɺٸǰк
Ӧþʹ˲磬ô
һֹһ濴¦ɺ֣ķϸŵӳԣεЩԺ¦ɺߵŮֲԣֻǶԼַ㶣ءߡһûòߣһ˵һָعԼС
ѹæ¦ɺ֣ԱǸ¦ɺһЦŮֵûϵģŮְֹ߻ˣ⡣
ְֺ¦ɺ˼䣬ҪСŮ˵Ťͷ첻¦ɺ֣ȴֳŮͷԲƵٴʳʲŵ⣺Ҳͺļҳô
żԼֻ˷©ʻ˼ҡҡͷǣ͹˾쵼ġţԼؽ˵һ顣¦ɺ˵԰Ĺϵ̾˿ǳˣﶼҪϵǼҲְ˹ϵŽȻǮû·
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֮ܵ⣬ܾϵֿĺû᣿æͷӦˣܷġļȻźֱҡֻϲͷȴط¦ɺûȥ¦ɺЦŮ˹ָָܵıӰǸ˾쵼ɣҸղ˵ÿϻӰٴ﹫ԢĺѧҼҲڰٴ﹫Ԣסѵȣֲô򣬾ٵҿɲÿ˳Ҳϣ
һܾΪһʶ˵¦ɺԼе̫ˡ¦ɺü΢տڲϺȻֳȻɫڵһḶõģ
ּᣬæҡͷʾ⣬̶ΪѵǮ£⳵ҵģǹ˾쵼רõģҲʹӦ㡣˵쵼ͬˣҲ֪λԸԸиİڳϡ
¦ɺô˵ϲ̵شϵô˵ʵͬģ𣿡
ֱʹŽܼ丸ĸžܾ⣬˿ֵ¦ɺµԼ˼Ǿ¿ҵȻԸ㣡ཻȻǺõġ
¦ɺͷã㲻Ծͺˣ㶨һ˵ŻһָָԶʵλǲ쵼ĸĸ
ֻͷ񼸸ĸһʦģ˵Ц߹ƺǸողι׶԰ĸʩ˵ͷû˵¦ɺѾŮӭȥַӦ˼ϡĸ죬ӭʵСޣѰ
ԣ֪ôشǰ¦ɺȴѹûеܵ˼ִĸ֣˵ãҽ¦ɺ꣬ھӣ
ĸµƳǣû˵ˣ¦ɺ֮ϲͬھӶ֣ͺܵķʱȥˡ˵ƺţֺԼͬǾ׽¦ɺŮСһүү̽˲ٷʱһСĸٲȻʶһ㣬һߡ¦ɺ̸״Ů·ϵѴ񼸸ĸÿͬС¦ɺƴǣǵöϺһԹ¦ɺŸ鷳λ˵лӰɣֶŮ˵ݼµʶɵðҡͷ̾
¦ɺ񼸸ĸöʱ䣬ͬϸֵֺټŴŮǱȥ߳Զĸڲסֿ佱ֱԴΪ̫ͬ¦ɺ꣬Ͷһʣ˿˵ʲôǲԵԼҲֻȥͷ̫̫˻죬ͬȥܶӵĽҴǡÿܵĶӱܵĴȣۿŲ֣԰ʦһ԰ϼñᣬæȥӱڻ
԰ʦҳ˸ǰһߡ԰̧ۿԶԶվŵ֣Ըߵʦӽ࣬Լߣ졣˵˵½ʱ£ΪǢһᣬ԰Ȼתʵ֣ںСסԶô


17
ֲ֪ΪдһʣʵԶǰ컹һ
԰̾˿˿֣ƺЩɡ룬¶˵ùõ˵СܲѣлͰҾһҪϱˣ
ʱҲ԰һýǸϰؼŮˡ³½ܻԿӰԼͳ½ֵܸܵ飬ĬĬŽľٶ
ѳ˽Ļ֮԰ⷬľȫǰһֻʣھĬĬ̡̧ۿ˳԰۾ȴֲҺеĿӣǸæŲҵصͷ
԰һתǰһСʵ֣ʵңǲҲŮ˵ķԷ
ԣæҡͷ԰ҲҡͷƭˣҾ֪ˣСܴŮ˼ҳʱҾ;ɣҲС˵ҪŮ˽顣ĸʾͬ⣬һùõܹǲϣ
˵˴̾Ů˶࣬ϢҲĿ졣СܽûҾһҳ˵ǸŮ£ǡһѾǰϣС༸ʦۻᣬǱ߳ҹۿһȵµϣ˵Ů˴ҹĺһһ𣬻ܸʲôֶӡ㻹ûɣģ
;￩һ£亹͵͵ȥ԰浣Ƿ߿ΪֶʹģڶԼʾ棬ŻԷο˼䣬̶̽ʵλʦ˵ò𣿡
԰ϧڶ¥ֻ͸ŷ۲죬ȫŮˣû塣
һʯͷ˵أɻûȵ԰ŶһȻˣʦ˵ţ˵ĳˡټӦϳ
һǿѹšװ棬ʵʦǽĸģ
԰ûɣһָվһߵʦǸ
ֱ׳ʦ̵İ༶һ͵͵ȥϣԺҲöߡ˿ϳ˾ڲԶվţĺëҲ֪Լʦվôãû߿ǳ԰ɣֻ̧÷ɿת԰磬ȰοҲ̫żˣһµġһлᣬҾͺͳ½̸
԰ͷмС⺢ӣСʵûʲôģҲûϵôСѰһһãҷĲ١
ֵۣⷬһڵرһ첼Ǹ߲ѶںڣѷлĻ˵Ҳƺ׹˴ʯͷô̧ͷ԰ΨΨŵŵ̾⺢Ҳʵǰ㵱Լ˿ģȻҳ²˵һһ䣬ǧµ˵ȥŮ䲻ҪҼСܻҪ˵ġ
ֺͷ˰죬ùģзִ硣
԰һùýеչգһӦһֶ˼䡣ʱܵĶѾֹס˿ҲƽȻᣬȴѿʦֿضүү˵ټĸǳ᲻ӣ־鲻ߡ԰״æȥȰοֳû߳¥⣬㳹׷һŷԼļѾ͸ˡ
¥˲һᣬһ˾ͱ԰˳͵˼ۣûʦӰӣǴ󵨵ӭȥʲŸûʦǴҲ֪ʦʲôӡ˿ȥʣȴǳ԰ɣת˼ͷǾʱԺһ԰Ѹ𣬼ݳ뿪
·ϣһģϺ˵¦ɺ¡ܸûȥֻǵءŶһʾ֪ͬ⣬ȻԸհ졣͵Уӻص˾ؿ⣬ס³֣ʵ˵껵£ĶС
һݣǸȻܶԲ֪Ӧþľĵģʱ̫嶯ˣ
գûгִӺӾϲޱ飬Ҳ֪ϲŭٶԣжʱһžãܺȻʵ𣿡
ָæͳ̣ݹһ֧ܣȼֽĸ˸϶ٴáһڣƵçײȴҲʡԺְʱҲһЩ
в޹͸¶Լ˼ϲ⣬лܲǣл˵ҲҪȰ룬ô
һ֪ô֪Լ껵̸ݵģ֪ǲ֪Լ껶¡룬ǲƭųˡܼϵʹ졢ͷ͵ˣνáҪ÷ߣһȥ̸ɣ
̸ֻּ֪ݣ֪ԼеǷ
оܵĿѾԼæллܣǲҪ̸ˣֻһʱߣô˵һ䣬ǧΪҵİź͹¡
ܾ˵꣬һŭ㻹֪ᵢҵ£ֱǺ֣ѾպǷȨ㻹˵ã
ûϵͻȻһ治Ǹһ氵ԼʲҺöԴˣȻѳ˴¡ӾоܵĿԼϣʱձȴֱֽӲԶ
︴һţֱ̽ȼһڣ̵̻Ҹ̽ǰ֣е˵̲ãɤӡԺ̳飬÷Ʊڹ˾д
˵꣬³ﳤȥ
һֱеǺͰףδйʱ硢ʽ޿ɲ¶ȡ̬ȷǳȷ׼ֻҪôôҪΣһְġܵıӰбǰྴηȻ뵽ԼӦýæҵعغó׷ȥ
ֵĽŲ΢̣һ˵ݡϵ¥ȥ˽ŲֲͬУһ̸ָ㣬һʹкְԱףڹ˾ﴩСܵ˼ֻǴ˰λȴЦߵ²⣬Ӳˮճˡֶһε̡Ů˿ļ˴˵ļƺһεһ壬һЦһߡ
ŶԷ˵Цûעǰˣнŷܺ֡εᾪЦݣͷܡȴǴ󷽷شкָ磬ܣ
΢ЦŻӦȴаֹ뵽ǰҲεͬڲˮУȴûнյǢ뵽ſһͻһǿᣬҲ㲻Լй֮ףȴֽȻͬŮô֮޼䡣˽̣ȴΪʮ˽ԼӡܹűӺԼӵദӣµֻѾ̺޸ҡ̶̵Ĳʱ׷ʲô̾ʲôεֶΣôҲ벻ס
ͨ·ְֲУû·ǾܹȥġѰ˼飬·ݣҲȵվڵСǱεѽ̣һߣȴûذһ۵Ůʿȶ֪վװô
εΪ˵ܣЦֲңֻǿţ͵͵ɫܿŮˣֻͷ֣Цãã
֣ԼҲ߽·ÿ֪ڵ٩Լ̵Ĺϵڵغ˼̧ӡε죬ȴΪԼ糿ڳ˵Ļ˵ķ޹ϵ̹׸ܣŻˣǶȻһЦɴף滨
ûôע⣬ȴЩֱ㶵ضεĿгζ
̿˿ܣһһͷεǰߡĿ⣬һͬŮ磬Էȥոսֶֻ𶯣ͳһֺȻĿܻӻֵȥӵ绰ɣµĻ㡣
԰գȥӦǣܵŽ绰
绰һͨǶ˵ĽԹιôôòŽӵ绰ô
žͿЦ;ͷһȦ𲻾ǰ԰Ļ£ûûҪ㣡
ЦǲǾõңҵĺôû£Ǿͼˣʱٺúûζһ
˵аȻЩ񣬵ҹδþ鷢йȴ򵥵һ仰г˾䡸˵˵ȴЩתԼҪ˵飬һȫޡ˼ǽǣˣԷ½ܵĹù֪ˣ
Ž׶԰԰̸һ飬ֻȥ԰ԼȰ½ܵһβᡣ
ֻ꣬νءŶһȻʵ㼸ң°ɣҰս
ּԱֵº޷ӦֻǵҪԼɻͷŭ㵽ûҸղŶ˵ĻҲȥˣ£ѾúܶԲ½ˣһù֪Ǹ˾ң˳½ܣһôôˣ
ɲ꣬ɵص˵һϲң֮Ϲͻ֪㹴ңһҹǿˡػ׹ùÿ֤ѽ
һסֻؿڱƣԶԡֲһЦмСԺСĵ㲻͵ˣƳǲԶóԺֶ࣬ÿ´ȥΣʲôˣ㿪˾ĳֲ㻨Ǯ
°ѽǼˣȥ½ܸ״ּʳ֪ζԱҹεϵ̬Ⱥ͹࣬Ҳ̫ݵľܾǳɵ϶ǲУҴӦεҪؼҵģҪ̸
ô˵Ҳǿ˵ôôСļˣǸɳߴʵСķϣǾ͸졣ұ׼ܸ˸ʶģˣùǳԸ극ͷؼ㵤
ּòҲ˼ƴ̫Ȼ֪˭ֻǳԷӦްǱӦʱص㣬ȻٺһЦʵʵңǲǵҵĽ¹ǣ۷񣬽챻̫ˬˣԼս
ָոȽϹ˵ļգ֪ʳ⡣
εѰıԼԼֵĻɣɺʵ쵽׺˵ʲôˣô
˵֧֧ᣬЦôˣôŵʲô˼˵ģʵҲûʲôرģֻԿһ£Ҫǵù鹦ڵѾ߱˵ĺ㻹Ǳ֪̫ϸȻҪѪܣ
˵꣬һЦ
Ѿ߱˵ĺԼָһ仰ҹεǹһ˼൱ϡٿسȥʵ˼ǣǰô
ֵβЩŲµ룬ȴܶ˵˰͹ɣ𵢸飡һ԰Ļ֮ҹ֪ʲôұ֤޲~~⣬ҲҪʵش𡣡
鲻ãû˼ڴСҲܽǷ£͹Ҷ˵绰˿ȴԺеķƣֻþƽۺϲȥûԶмٵĽŲͷȥȴǷ
ֿԼǷ˽Ųһ߹һʵָ磬ûʱ䣿ļ䡣
ֱĻͷʹʵڲԸ¶ˣּӶԷ޺øУƴǵɣҽ첻̫ϢϢܻҪóأ
ɫһãȥϢɣҲˣʵֻ˵֡лл㣡
˵꣬һۣתߡ
ֱŪڵôҲ벻ллӺζʮ룬Ȼͷл- л- - 
˵꣬ʱӦһţ૵϶սûͷˣҪЩϸڣ
˵һţ˵ʲôѽȻذ칫ſ˯һ˵ɣ
ͦã£ô̶˵ʲô˯ţֻԺſšͷȴջȥһʱԼͽ½׽ڴһʱԼ׽εļ飬һʱ̳ӺԼָһʱǸ֪òʦָԼ󺰣ֱͬһҲơҲûжö緹Ҳûȥԡ
òװ죬°ʱһץԿףߡӿؿ⣬ûкε˵ؼҳԷ£ǸæֻӴ绰绰ܿͨεͲﴫĹ·ֵʵأ
Ӧǣ˵иӦ꣬Ҫȥ»ؼңҸһڣˡ
εŶһСģȴ͸ЩʧίܲвԸּǿ飬һʹʲŷʱĻ棬ʱҲܲȥ¶ľᡣתڵ绰Լ⣬ǽһҧʵţһؼңĻ֮ҹܶԷʲô⣬ʵشòã
绰Ƕ˾þû·Ҳ


18
ųӵнֵڲȥ·ҫʱʱеҲͬһεĳĬʱʱȴվ³ġҪϡ
ȷ
ֱŲдһ˿ԸεõȴͬĻشַв˵㲻˵Ҳ֪ҵʲô£
εֵĻ˸ĬβŴӱǻм˿Цʲô㶼ϹѰ˼ģ
һźŭڷҲƲסݺݽֻҶϣ˳ڸʻλϣز̤塣绰ͣ죬ȴšǡ֮ͣһ·ڵĺǰ̲סһĴЦ
ڣڲپ£Ůˣ
ε¶ٴξܾ֪ԼеĲɶġƭģ͵ģЩʱͻҲڱʵġ̵ȰڴعںãԽεǰδֻҪûԺûڵȴҲˣֻɲԸ뿪ε˵Ըô׵뿪εȻ֪ΪʲôҪôԴԼȴܹпԼȻİ
ȻаͿ˺Ȼ˶ңôҾۻۣ
Ц۽ȴˮʼڴĽԼɿ϶Ůصˡص죬ҲйԳ챨뷨ȴԶûǿҡϴҿȰ裬Σʮ̡һٸҲľġ
Ʊ̵ƣĳʼͣѴߴ١ֺҵĨȥϵᣬݳת䣬λķȥ
ֺͽԼڶһҷ棬ȥλȫʱ⡣ڽλſڵʱ򣬸պÿŴ򳵡ֹ⽫÷ɿ죬Ȼ͵һɲͣڽߡһҪſѾ³ܵߣһѽ§ڻѰ˫Լͷݺݵش̽ͬԼ˵塣
⧲ӦʱѾֹݣӦһԼλſڣŵøæ̧˫ƾܡʲűεľܾģ޲ýվĻʲôû˿ֻǲֱŽҧ˺һ󣬲ؽſ
ֵͻȻϮ÷˿ɢңɫ̣æ·СΡ뽭ƣ˿ڰһǣп⣬һӵϳȥԼĿˣ
˵꣬˼ʻҡ
Ȼûˣһȴֱվڳͷֿ档ּϳǰѳ£㵽ҪҪϳ
һ߳һҪɿ˳ûȣѿ˳ӣһǰһʵȥǸѣ
ûлشֻ̽شּشٴδߴ٣ſڵôˣܲ㣿˵ģ
ֹһЦ⣬ֻһ׷ҪһԷ˵ĵַղŶԽĴַǱԱͷ˿Ҳʮֺ£ݳܵľٶδǵӵһ֡һֱڼٵ״̬ȴԸýӶʶǿиɡһ̵ķôĵһΣȻɴڿ֮Сϲִ̼ĸоȴֿ־֮İӿԶƽжʲŵ⣬ǿпŲû֪أŵĽԽԽء
ӵٶȽ־ʮֲҧۣݺݵһֵļ򣬺ʵ֣Ƿôúÿ·Ҳң
Ȼƽ࣬ʱһһģ˲ѹٽͣ·ߣ˸ĬȻ˰죬Ҳ벻ΪʲôеѹֻһȫεǸҪȼ೬ع۲Ƭ̣̽Žִĸ첲ϣʵ֣ôˣ
ǻ޴ߣ˿һʣЩѿڽεºгǰŮ˲Ǹʡ͵ĵƣε߶Ϊ׽Ӳؽһ˻ȥ̾˵ûʲôֻ뿪ˡǰɵҲѹ֡ԺҪú棬Ųϻһء
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˶̽ȻȻؼҰɣϴ裬úϢϢ
ֿ˽Ļ󵨣ȴӲ֪ôƽһ档ؿ˿ҡͷᶨشҲȥ
̾˵Ķԣ֪ˣĵһʹӽ쿪ʼɣ˵Ҫܸҵģ
ŲµЩԵɣ䲻˵ƣȴǷֺ˵˼䣬ѾƽȻһЦлƽ࣬ұãƳǹҽԺʿģǾȥ
ƳǹҽԺǲҹ˾·棿
й֪ԹԼ˵ڻҪ߻ͷ·һ۵ʼʱСŲֱȥ˭֪Ȼתԣ
н˫ȣϥǻ˴ֵ꣬ǿĶұ׵ڻʪʪġ
ֱﶯգ޲ýǰŮ˾͵ִ̽§ĲٴԴӡʱ뽭ĵλԶҲͲŤһҵػӦһ˫ֽԼϡȥظֱ׼ȹӴʱеŮ˺Ȼһ˳ĹΧ
ֲģֹȥץȴסԼֱ֡һڣɨһ͵ĿɣЦ󼦰ԩң֣ҹҲߡȥȽұãԱмӱ
˼Լ˴ͬߵĻᣬвһ
ֽס˿ؿ۹ʱʱԼ飬룺Ů˷ɧ󵨣ּͨ鲻ʣֱǸĻˣֻϧǳ½ܵţ
ת룺һҲǶԲֵܣһٴλǶԲֵܡĵһѾ˳ȥĹܣɴſ¡˵ɣ
˶ƣжҲ֮ϣץŽԼ֮
ԹԵؽַֿӵϣְַڹҵϣЦİţ
ֵļһ֮㲼ϣָоͬѥɦҧҧƤۡડһ⿪ʵҲ
мһƳֵĿ⿪˽ȥսʵҲô
ֵȣ΢Сץסֻ˵Ŀ⡣ءšһҵ
ѧֵĶİסǿżСĹͷתһĥȻĻץסס־ùͷ飬ɵ鴦Ϊ졣˫ȱһس鴤ոĳһֻŵǰн
ַһͳּԼĺǳжǼ٣ǷЦҲ
ֳ˼ҧصͷֱٴθĹͷǿŲȣȴɼԿصؽټͷϵķ϶ʼճˮĥûĹ״ʼ󻬣ŽӦ˽ַɾ׼ʼúܵʱ򣬽ȴ뿪ĹͷץסҲˡ
ֲ⣬תͷȥֻЦ˵úÿȻͳֻ˼·ڶߣ˼롢ʵС࣬𣿡
һ٣ЦżɣѾһˣȥҽԺ㡣ٹ·ھˣʰһµſɣ
Ȼ˼͹Ҷ˵绰
绰һϣС־ָֻ˻ֻҲھʱʱŪͬڰգͣȥյķλЦһֻƿʱƳǹҽԺſڡָ·߽ͣã־ٿ˻ȥûӦѾһֻסĸ첲һְֻʵĿӣͷķ϶ΧתͷҺøɸɾ
ʱ°߷ʱ䣬ּҽԺſڣе˷ǳࡣɫѴڣͣһյ·֮£ǰ絲ûĤų߹ֻҪԼע⣬ܺؿڵŵֱɱͷչ˵΢ȴӲͦ±˷֣ȴָ½ͣ٣ǰƨǰſڷϣͼסʱʱͷ
ĵûӣĵ绰ȻֱӣһֵֻϣһֹֻҶ˵绰Ȼʹ򿪳̶ȥҡΡ֪ҵ˻ƽ࣬æˣóȥ
һЦ³ĵ綯ťųȻ򰡣ջǿƵʱˣôŹһᵨС
һ˵ţһָȥֵȥȴһֱû뿪ߣ˼£ԼУ˫ҲɰưͣԼĴһﺬٰڡ
ֵ֪Щ˹ҧܣæĲֺҺ˹ͷǵεεصصڳСĿռҡ
ֻʮӣֵڽĿڼ̷۷硣Ȼű͵һŮЯˮζӣ㣡ŶԶأ
ڰæ֮г̧ͷ첻شš֣ұСࣻС࣬Һ˵֡
˵꣬
ƽŽ̧ͷĿ϶ֵ˽۵һ̾׳Ĵһﰡ
ٶ̧ͷԹûòʲôۣ֪˴кô
ƽŶŶȴֵȼ䣬һ˲˲ضšбۿ˿һڵûʶСѾͷǱˣȻöأҳ㿴
˵ŻǱŲŲһֵĿӣһĸ°벿Ū캬ĹͷŬ
ƽࡸСһŹеĽֹҼֳûһǧҲа˰٣˵ûʶĴûô֡ôģ
һ˵ţһһЦ۹⻰ﶼת֣ãҽлƽ࣬һһᣡ
ӻƽ˳ʳһ仰ʼһֱĿɿڴ״̬ΪѾŮ˿Ŵ󵨵ļˣû뵽ı˿ѷɫƽʵѰҲѰͬԼҿѳʶȫ߸ֱе԰˽ܵĸŮ޼ɵ˽ܵ١еЩ߿ڶڽӦȫͶ룬ϸϸƷζȴȫûа취Щ֪ôĳߵŮˣӽֱȴýֱĵطӷתȴ֪Щʲô
ԼôŬֵֻǰӲ֪Ч
δƽĻɴŬգְǳ˵ԩңôź㣡ιʲôأСкô
ֳһ󣬻عԻһ壬ͷЦݣŷֻƽһֱֵȴԼ֡æֹȥϸС֣Ǹƽ࿴˿ŵӣֽһԳԵЦԼſӣһʹƨɶ¶ڵһμĻƽǰæҵȥʰǵŮһЦ
޼Ŀܣһʰ޺ã㿪ڵȥԷɣ˰ȴûԵʲôеˡ
һ죬ٶԣ·ƽҲһ˫أЦȤȻ˵Щ·ױƷ֮лִϻԼҲϵͨĿĵص·ĬרĿֻڶŮѻҪشʱŲͼ䡣һȥģ㲻ͬʱǰΡ
Сʱ󣬵Ԥķ꣬복ţƽӰͳһſƬݸǰ̨ķӹ˿ֱ쵽¥һ䡣
ּװεš˽ܡԱѵأǸͨĵطвɶԻƽݺеĿƬ˺档аɻڰ´ĽѾʵС࣬԰طſŪģ
ƽͷЦҴǶƭġ
ߣһܵԣͬЦţڰʵϴ˵ǸƵĶطһͲСʿѵĵط⿨ǲǲˣʵǲһȣ
ƽ뽭ЦһȻĵ̾˿ֲǿҵΣܲҵŰ࣬ҸҪǸȥ㣬Һ˵ǸͬŮѵðվǰΪǸ̥
ô˵ﻹ֪СÿеİŮ˾ԼҲ˼˾ӣֻｿ졣ټǸѹ˵Ů̫ΣգֻǸŮ˵ʵûϣҪûأҪƨûƨɡ

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ƽΪϸΡȣȱΨǰһAƶ
ͷ֮ʱһ˵ȻͲסһͦظʲô
Ҫûأⲻⲻ𣿡ŷ˱Ĺƣӳ
Լնʵһߺȥץ鷿һ޺޵
Ϊ˶ϲĴţôٳˣһǳģ
ҽ첻ץ

ҲЦŰԼӯĴ͵ƽɣ
ɻ񫣬ڼοʱҲûԼһô˵ģ
˵ֺ꣬߷ߵĻƽƬ̣תͷֵվ˵
˵˵ϲصģϲСصģ

Իƽϳּһֱڽ֮Уּӻƽںû
лϸĴòŮ֡߶ȲСֲ岻ϻǾ
һԹۿǻƽ෢ٸ죬ûһ䷢Եɾƴһ
С쵰һ˫͸鶯ãЦʱ¶ұߵĻ
ݺͬϵĽȣҪ¼ףɴ֮ƽӦ
ǽСɰķ񡣴˿뽭ͬЦֵһĵһž飬˫
٣ʤͻ͵񣬺ȻԼͷʹġ򡹶
ʣµʻȴû壬Ȼʵʲô˵ʲô

ЦŰһۣʲôʲôʲôɫıӻ
ǲǿСˣһôû˵ʲôǰɣ

ʲȷʵЩû뵽һƣڵһӺ
ڿЦϱɫ֪Լײ˵룬
ֺһЦƽĳߴ磬һֱżʶ
˼˽ҹ֮ԼŽ˵۾ϲͣڱ
ʵֲԾؽ˽·Ѿ§סԲһߵˡ

ůָ⣬Ļһڣеζ㽥
Ũֲƽ֣һһ
ࡣֲԣתͷȥץ֣Լ鷿ϣ
˿ʵ۾ǲûشԣٸҴ𰸡
Բɫţ̧°ƽȤȥ
㿴أ

ƽ˵һڣ᡹ͷŤش
Լ½ǡ˫м伷΢͹˫ƴ£
ּ˻ƽӣ֪Ĭ˽˵ӭӼ׼
ôεεŮǰξߢıʾַǳԵã
Ҳʮ㡣ɱϾƽǳιȥּ
˲ùġһ洭ŴһץƽһֱԽ
ذ벽ɾüȺֺЦаɵ

һῴ֣һῴƽ࣬ЦŲֵͣĴԼأ
ʱʱعⷢЩĶĽãǲֶȥ
һѡиԱ˼ţŲ˵ˮ˽

ԱǸСŵʱֵֻûüӽ
ߣȴδ֪ΪְҵأѾ˾ռߡݲ
һһϣֽ˷ƳĲƷ㿪ʼΪ̲ͽˮ
Ƥ̧һ¡˿˵ҵ㼸ˣô򷢷Ա
ȥȴ˵ϵļ۸Ϲ۾ԥŲҿڡƺҲЩŵ
̽ͷȥƽ࣬ͷѡ˼ȥܾµĲƷ
ƿƣ÷Աµ

ԱߺھɷոȣȴûشС£ֻЩճ
Ļ˵ƽһԿЦŴ弸ЦͽĵȻ졣ּ
ڻָڽôҲʼЦʱƲ룬
Ҳ˴š

ֱŮУһЦһ磬ɾֲ֧
ֻõԷҲˡԸȾƣɶŮÿȰС㣬
ȻڣȴҲ֪غࡣƣɫ糺֮⣬
ûʲô仯ɻƽԲʤʼࡣ̸̸ЦЦ˵
ױݣϲ˵żԽԽ˽˴Ȼ磬
ã̧ײײֵǵĻ֮ҹͿʼɣ

Ȼȥǰġ԰֣õȴ˵ջ
Ȼƺһ뵽ĹЩȻ֪õͷǸ
ʱһԵĻƽáоһקסֵ
Ҹ㣬ϹǸ쵰

ƽûͷûԵðôһ䣬ЩȻԱߵĽȴһ
׼ӣԼ˱裬ȻԵõŻƽ
˵仰ȻЦ绨кüõŮˡҲ
ʮսʱ򻹺ãȻû»ʱе罺ᣬôÿ
֪ؼҡǸ쵰µĲˣֻйʱȥǼ
һΡ˵ִϵһԼ壬ǲ̫ˡ
ûˣõصҲûķϣϸɵƣ
˶ǣ

Ȼƽ뽭һյʡ͵ĵƣȴ벻ȥС
Ѿ飬ôһ׵ɷ򡣼ôЦݽĹ£
͸ƽĮ֪͸ģɴϧ֮顣˿ƽ࣬
ߵô飿Ļʲô˼

ƽΪԼƽмؿһֽۣ˽
Ҳ߿ԳЦ˼ģ֪Ҽ޵
˭ô£ľȻҡͷһЦģСĶ
ӣ

ƺԼӦӦ֪һôҲ벻Ƴ
ʲôˡؿһָָָֻÿ
١֡üϸϸ˼Ȼ㵵

ƽȻһЦµˣҹھǺǽ﹤ģϹ
壬˵ʲôͬ顣ҵĸĸܵܣߴð˴̶ڹ
ҹıӣȫ۵ĺùøôͬ
飬ȫûһ֧ҡ趼͡պϡ飿ô룿
ǡϹǸ쵰ھǺõĻƵأһҪƳź
衣ȫöԱķ̬ȶԴң΢Ĳ
ÿڼﶼսսģҲԲáҲ˯㣬ֻ͵ʱ
ܷôһ㻶䡣ÿαѹ棬ݺݵĲ룬
һֱĿСԽǼɴԽĥңԽҿ֡

һֱͨյĽײ㣬ôҲ벻ܴӻƽϲʿ
ļҳ̼ö࣬ڲͬϣζͱò֪ͬ
ηӦҲ֪νӻֻǴǣԼĽС
Ůͬ顣ƽǾ䡸ĿСͬܣҲ
ͬż죬ԼҪȻƽҸ̫ࡣ

ƽ˵ʱһֱڻֵϿ˵ʱѾ
ĻϧȻȻؽ§סḧͷο˵Щʲô
ֲ֪òÿڣؿ

һְֱĿתԼʼ磬
ƱģɲҪң

һʵʲôƱ

δڣֻеĻƽѾҼ£֮⣬
ûκ˵˵ǸɿĺˣֵŮΡ
˵˴֣һЦ˵Ǹ
ˣֵŮ

ΪֻԼǲû뵽ڻƽǰԼô
ۣɶӡЩĹۡ仰
Щ£һ졢ҡͷЦֱ飬µ룬ס
ֱôҶĵģö˼ҺõУ
СǸúӣȴá̫ڹҽԺ߸ɲסʱ
Լȥ׷ǻ쵰СûȤȴֲҲڼҰԵ˵̫ŵ
ǾͿųÿҽԺſڶСࡣСʱմӻУҵμӹ
ûж೤ʱ䣬Ҳ٣ǻ쵰ãּܲסô򣬽һ
˻ӡСղ˵ĻҲˣҵ֣
ʲôҸûˡϹѵ۹⣬ĳߴ磬
ܸҲʹЩο塣ɱ˵£ŶԣӦ
ǣҪЩ޵£

˵꣬ԳԵЦƽһͷֻȻ
飬΢΢Ҳɲ֪ڻЦӵұǼ֣
л˹ɾĺ˵½ܣ뵽ݣһӵ
ȥϹЩݡ΢֪һ̾
ĻģСôһ֣Ҳú˵˵ˡ̧
ֵԼߣ۾ʵǲһ
ŵ͵֪ܡļ

ÿһԼϵݴʶ룬ȴ˼
ôͷϣ˵ǣš֮£Ĭ
ߴ١֮£ֻõ˵ͷ־ò
̫ãڲҲû˵ôء

һЦʹһѣʵǾǣʲôûô
أҪֵȼô˵˵ǼЦŲ
һѣҶ˵ϲ󼦰ɣ㻹ǵô˿
ϲŮòش̣ΪʲôŮ˾Ͳϲ˧и
ͳ½ܴСһ𳤴󣬿϶֪ĳߴ磬ԼıȽϣ
٣Ҳ񵤵ֻһˡڳ½֮ǰ̸һ
ȻǶ㣬ȴҲʲôСɫúܣϰ˴׳ģ
ٶϸС᲻ȤǸ˵ŮˣΪҼ޵ϹҰٰ
΢ҲǸҵŮˣΪҼ޵ϹһϸСΪ
ôѣ

ֲΪң

գ˵԰Ϊ㣡Ϲÿ춼
ߣ޲֪һСÿһҪ˵ָ
Σÿһ飬˵ָָϲʲô
ʲôָƫ˿룬ָƨһָ̣ļӲ
֮һٿ̯ƽô֡ô֪ԼϹϵ
õӵһ˼ҹĴ󼦰ɵʱҵĸô

˵½ܾԼ֪Լʵ⣬θ
һ䣬еתɣҲ˵

ͷƭʲôҼͣˮȥҳԻ
˵ģ˵˯ˣȫһļأް

ֻȻ򣬴͵͵ҵķҵġ
磿

Ȼ̶һЦࣵһڣ
أ̫ˣŶ֪ˣǹ⻻˯ƣ
İɣýƻ˵ǲǴʱʼôˣ

Լʱ˵Ǿ仰Ǵĵǰ
ŵŮˡԼѾ˼֮ףҲûʲôͷ
ôãƯĸ룿ɡϾ
ѵţ

ֵһڣϲ̵ʵԲܶҺ
෴ΪϹõѣҲŻô󼦰ң
ϹòĿ֡󣬳Ϲ֮⣬ֻһ
ԺҲֲֻԵؿԼֽ͵½ܶҵĺã
ҸĸҪŨҡóԵĶҳԣֻҪ˵Ҫʲô
ԥҡҲʧȥһİĴ󼦰ˣ
κι˼ɣܻ޶ȣܻƻҵļܻͥýǵ
ϵ߳½вҲԸ顣Ͳͬˣܿ
ͬϹһԲԸʧȥͬҲԸʧȥ
һʧȥ½ܣ˻ıһͬܡ
ʱҷͲ֪Ȥ̫
֣ѵôһȡ裬ֱ֮ϣ˵
һЦٴֵգ˵ʵļҲǴֲڵҪ
ôȡŮˡȽļɣȻٰϲĿͷ
ȥ̵ɪгҵõҵ㣬ȫĵȥر
ϹҵİͥమԶһʲôã

ֱһ˵ƿԣ˵ĺﲻԣȴƫȫ
뷴֪ô֣ͷӦǣ־òȡ
Ļƽ𽥼ӿ˵̧ͷһһڣ
ʲô˵£һûܵİ£
ſڣͰѶԷ˵Ļȫ

ڻƽһ£ȴ֣
ģ˰ʵˣƽһһ˴ͳϰߣ
ҵĻָôأڳҪͻţҪǷ
ڱϣһһϿˣĻһŸ
ҪôŰҲôİܸ㣡˵
תۿ֣Ů֮䣬ٲ£
ֻҪڼͱʲôˣ⻥ĦˣＷ
úֽһʱ򣬻ĦȥôûҪҪôķӦ
㲻ϲ㲻ϲࡢرҽ̸ļ
֮ôǿҾ˲ģҪ֪Ů
ҪḻԾܻԼʵģ


ڶʮ



ᵽεֵľûɵһȻԼ
Լһзٶ׻Ϊƺָ
ÿһֱֶµĹϵʲŽ˵εֻһʱ
Ѳ嶯ؽӳ˵˿˽һ޴
Ŀɬں²졣һʱƵԸӣ
̾˿

ͻƽ̾Լͬʵôˣ

ҹֶԽӡ˺ܴĸĹۣȴûдԸ⽫
гĵزοһǳʶֲһĻƽڳ
˽ع⡣ɴʱԵĶŮֱ˵룬ն
ǳʺ˵ﻰԼִһԲԵ̫С̾
ؾ˵ε£һûил㣡ҵһ
ڵƹ¼ȫҲҵһοġ˽ϲй
ĵطһ˿վǰӣϲҪΪһЩµ
ǣҽܲḻֻϣⱲӶҵģһ
ģ

˵꣬ɫһȣɻûƽʵ
ôֱҽеǣ

ֱΪ˽ƽԼʱ򣬻ὫһԵص
˻ƽһеϡô̽ѯȥֻ
ҡҡͷʵǸܻܵˣֻС˵˺á
ʲôûʣ˵˵Լ£ÿ
ҡ

ֶԽĿٶȸƣؿһۣתͷȥƽʱӭ
ĴĿ⡣Լ޽ĵҲĲԸ
ŮˣǳҺε飬ƳǣֻҸĸ
£ǵ֪ˡ

ƽô˵Ǹж§ĸ첲˽
˵ģһڶ˶٣ֲʵ
ǣúõΪʲôҪأ

ֱ£ɫһȥ˵һ飬̾
ܣǮ׷ӸҸͰȫУֻѡӡ
һֱ֧ҵѡʵڿǷ̫࡭˵⻰ȻֽƭԼ
΢˵ӣ׺ö˶˵Ϊʲôӣͷһ
ᣬҲ˵ȥ

ƽΪ˸飬һ̾ĽǸлԭ
ûȫ飡͵ôƫƫһǮϡ
ңǺǡֻʣ˸ʳǡѲѡϲҪһ
ǮҲҪҸ۰ҵˣͷϡͣһ£Ȼ̧ͷҸ
ЩǮѷˣ͵ܹĹϵ

ʱ޿̲ܺӹƳǵĴϣʱ
ǵغһšǳ½϶ϲˣ
ӻƽ˵ȴͬ⡢Ҳͬ⡣ҡҡͷѰ˸
ûʵɵУǮҪԼ׬ܿˣ˶ִ
һҲǾǿ˵ġ

ƽü΢壬ػҪ˵ȴһԵĽڴϣѾͷ
Ǯûطôҵãҵڻⷿסأ֪
˻ģ˵Ҫʲô

ƽ೯˸е˽Ǯϴλ
ͽͬ˵Ҫģ

죬Цװȥǡƽӵܣʱʱس
͵ϮһšֱŮм䣬ոȾȥ
ҲС˸ʱŮűһһ§ڻƽ
˳ˮ£ܿҲԹԲּˣ
ڷŪԼڹƵŮˣԵ֮ת䡣

ֹңںȻûһ˿Ըо˴¶Ƚڣ
Щ΢ȽֲʵֵĿɡƽѧ
Сȴ׷Žᶨذֿӵϡ

Ů˵ּͬȴܸоߵĽȻͬȻ
ӣֹ̣ƽֱ͸²ͣĸŪ¶ԴԴ
͸ֿһ뺣ˮһнʹ˫Ҳ
ɧʵؽһֻ鷿ץУ
룬ָ̽ƽСأ㷴ͣǴ󵨵ؽ
ҲսỺذ档

ƽµĴ󵨱ǲһЩжȴҪ
ǿ̫ࡣֻය˼غϣ;巢˫ȼ
ڱĿܣûҪ˼ҧҧ´յֶߵ
磬ǽȥɣ

󣬻ƽֱɾץյֲ˼񡣺ƽ
ؽԼһ磬ɫڻ룬׼Ӧʱһݡ
ʵʲôݣ

ƽһЦ޵·ǽһżһƣ
һװεǽں޶µİ򿪡ȻδơһƬ
뵽Ǵ뱸Ǹרֵڡͷһμã
ɴ۾ŵƽ˼תԽ
㣬ѽ

һЦվȴǰŤһƨϣ§
ͷԻƽУҴӦ֣Ҫؼȥ㵤ġ

ӽ绰ʱһȫϵεϣּӶԳ½ܹù˵
Ŀ־壬һȵ顣˿ʱסǰͦ
ֱû˼һ˵ķڣȴӲóڡ
ƽǾҪγˮɫ᲻õͷӦǣŲ֪Ǻá

ƽʹ˸ɫתͷȰҲ
һأǣ쵤ȥ϶쳢ζԼսġ
ҺСſˣؼﻹ϶ᱻֵģ
СҲʶˣһʱ绰ٲһ𣿡

ƽ˽ʾҲ߹ǻһ˵һۣ
˭ˣĺòãϲϣȴ
αס֣ͷϣ͵ϣҪΪǳ
Ӱǵĸ飡Һͽ뷨һ͵ģҿҲ
ģշ

˶Ůһзǳж뷨Լ˵
У͵Ůһ㶼޶ȡƻ֮ͥĴʻ㻮ȺţӲ֪
ǰȰŻؼŵڡĺգܵһ
ˣԼȻһӵһǽûǲ֪ϱӻʲô
¡

ĬĬص˵ͷǰͨ绰ӵ̬ȣ֪ȥҲ
ܣᣬƽȫб˽ƶŮԾ̾˿
ԳŲһȥʲôǲԸһȥҲ˵

΢ȣô͵ˣ

ִ룬Ǿӳ˵ҡҡͷ
ϵûС

һתŶһȻһ쳢ҽĶ
ʱֲˣ֪ˣǲϸڽ

ĥôѸղѿڶĻԲԼ
Χаϲһҹص㣬æͷȻı
ͬǰѾ֮ȴֻҰôҲϰ
͵ߣˡ

죬ҡͷϧһһҪ㻥죬ˣ
СƢֻԼܣ˵ʱӦĺúõģôؼҾȫӣ

ּ̬αҲЩԹε
֮⣬̲סӷֱƽʱͰɾԭʱִ
ǸһӿЩܲˡҲɣ

̾ʲôࣿԼϹ࣬ʲô
˵ᡭ

˵˵ţƺȻٿסڡֲϲԹε
ЩĲɣȻͣ٣仰ʹӶ©˹ȥ
ôһĻɣǵʵ˵Ļʲô˼

˸ŤŤıͷƵ״ľ࣬
Ϲʱôã˵ϴҰʱ㻹أ
Ҹ߹׮£ԽǰԽ˼ݲ°
ģǲϴӦɾǲ

͵ɽߵһĻһ죬
پǾ仰תתͷ̽ʵεߵýûк
˵ʲô飿š˵ˣҲ֪֮ģ

ķӦˬ죬ֻ䣬ͷаһ
˵ܣ

־ϲ׷ʵʲôܣ

ıһ仹ɴࣺ˵

Ϊ׼ԼŻҲʹϣʱܾ
ЩȻ˿һЦ˵ǲ˵㻹ʣ
ɵ㣡ֵ֣Լ͵ظȻˣ
ܻᱣܵģ£ͬҰﵤصһԶ
֪

ֱҭɽĿ˵̬ȼε
ΪֹպĹճ֪¡һЦֶ˾Ʊһ
ҲûȤȥƿǻвľζתͷ˿߻ɫ
Ůˣ˸

벻ھͳζֽԼľƱˣٵƽ
ߣͷ˵仰ȻĿ£ȥԼɹĹ
Ŀɡ

ֵŵνеػڵλ·ǿԼʱӣ
֮£æƽɫƽȻֵĴһСͶԽ
ƴӵ˱ָӣ룬ڣ

ֱ벻£ͶŮһ߸ߵͷʏCͬ
Լʱƽһ÷ꡣ
ɸһڣ˸ӡΪƽʲԼʱùе
˿ָֻЩ֣ŲʣǱ߾ȹĿתͷʽ
С຦ߣòɣұȥ

𣬻ش뿪˼վɫ֣ˣ
ؼȥɣڵ㲻Ҫ㣬ҲǸģ
ҪΪ޶˵ĲӰ͵ĸ飬һڡУ͵
Ҹѡ󼦰ɵıҪûһ㣬Ҳ͵
Ϊֹ

û뵽Լ£û뵽˾һʱס
ϡƽһڣ˵Ķԣȥɣˣ
ǻ˵ôһֱû㿴壬ҲӲҪʱҾ
˵ţˣ˶٣˿۾ַٶ㿪
Ҿ䵭ǽʲô䵭֣һ
ģһΪûг߳ζԸܲ԰Ŀ֣һ
֣ǡΪĳЩԭ򣬶ض䵭оһæ
Ӧǵڶ֣Ҳ˵㡭Ŭ֪Ů˵ĺá
ȥѸղҺͽϵ˼ڵϣúһ£
˵˽ͻõһȻͬӣ

һֱΪεΪСܵϸʹϲһɲ£
ûǲǻԭ򡣴˿ƽͷͷǵϸ
нɵŰȻϴ⣬Լ
Ĵûڴƿ뵽ҹε˫ȼԴڴ
ϲŤӣɵ˻ƽĻͷһղе
䣬Ȼ뵽һ⡪εĳ죬ǲΪԼò

˸ϱձɫ֪ﶷǸǣ
ֵɣСѧҽģûú룬Ȼȥ
ŮĶģҪôãҪô
ӰƷʲô¶ûˡһֱôСƵΪ˴
ֱŤȥɣһҡֱ۽Ȱһʾƽȥ
¼ȡֵ¡·ȡֵ˵ݵϣȥɣ

ּȻ˵εĵԭ򣬴˿̱ûɾܾƶŮ
⡢ֻε̾ͷſȥŰѣ
Ȼ𷹵ش⣬ҹʱûԱͨ߿뿪
ǻͷһسǰɣҪˣǾ͸ûزȥˣ

ƽһЦ͵ۿ˿ûһۣû
ߣ͸ϿߣһôϸСҼȱСమ㣡
תͷǰҴ°ͣתᣬƽĵﲻ
ôԺ£ϾͲˡ·ϿСĵ㣡

ֺģ𣬾˾ʾͶתȥŹرգ
ŲԶȥƽˮһ㽫ס㣬þöûй
ˣ

סƽЦΪһֱȱˣһ
еһͬϴʱ̲סȻ󣬵ȴС
˾Ͳˡ

ƽݸʵʹɫҲҪôǶŪ
ˣͳ˵£

˿ƲƲղϷʱǶٲӵĻѻ
ôɫΪ㳤ˣ˭֪ôɵ㣬㵽벻
õĴ󼦰ɺú棬㳤ڵ˽Ʒ

ƽ˷ܵصͷȻ룡ʱԽԽãһûôģ
˵תת飬ʲôתмǸȺ
ҫճɣҿȻ࣬ȴÿһܱȵֵġҰŪϴ͵
ƬȺǼˣ

ڶʮһ

üҡͷǿɲУǺһɲô

˵ŻѰ£ŻƽԼϣһ߸Ū鷿ƨ
ɣһ̧ͷ˵ԼļͥϹȻԼ죬
֪Ҳ棬ǻĴ㡣Ҽҳ½ҲĶҺãҲ
ʧȥѾ룬Ҫģô
ߵĶҫ

ƽ౻ȣϼֵĴһȼ䷢
һڽϣͷʵ㣬Ǹô죿

ƽ״ϷʵָֿŪͷֱŪ
ſڴʵղҶ˵ģǵĴֻǣھ
ĵطҪԼӸĶķ޺ͥҸǾûʲ
ôˡԣ͵ˮҪ
ìܡĺܣš⼸ҿӽ֮£Ѿ
õĽãҡȷʵһЩֺ˵ķӣֻǽ
·ҵĻӦѾƫˡ쿴ֵʱ
Ҿ֪͵ìܣķӦ̫˵㣬еŵˡ
Ƿ˵ҩЩͣҲҪһȰؼȥҲ
ǵĹϵе㻺͡

ƽ鶯𣬰ͷţͣ뽭ĥò˵һ
λͣ٣ĶȥˣҲЩ˰ɣ

ֹ̧°ͣѵˮһ£Цؼ
ֻǵһٳ

ƽ෢šһʵô

һЦôļģҵ˼ǣլĵ
Ѱڻغ֮ǻܳõĴ󼦰ɴڿ


ƽȻһЦȤ㳢󼦼ζȻһû
ܹôأ㣬ɵÿңҾҪܲˣ

һ˫أ̵ͦžһģң
ҰҲܸʶһ桢һյı䣬ȴ
ֲ̫ãʱʱڼ˲Ǿ˵˵
Ĵ󼦰ɣļ֣ȻȰؼȥš
ĺã뵹ʱźȻˣ볹׷ǡعͥʱ
źȻֱ仵ˡȤϸع۲
˺ö໰ûȥ˵룬ֻҪϰ߶ǵ¾ͳ
һˣǸõĿʼ

ƽ㣬˵ķǺãôɵ˵ʲô
ʲô

һ֮ԱǵҾûôɵŮˣʮ߰˵
꣬ʮ߰˵ǡôлֱ˵ҵ强ˡ
Ϊ˳Ե֣Ҳٺ١ͷİ˵İ죬֤㲻
ܳõֵĴһܿǸɵŮЦ˵˴Ȼ
ЦҲƭ˵䵭ˡ

ƽ˸߲ҵصͷԳЦҲΪؼҺúŬ
˶٣Ȼ£ʵ㣬ֵŵ׺˵ʲôܣ
ʱӣƵġôɵ
汻ƭϴ˰ɣ

ҡҡͷԴԹϵôش壬˭ϡȥƭ
˵£Ҳ˼֪𣿡ʳƽͷȴ
żش𣬶̧ͷĴӣֽͷ̽Ѱ⣬
˸ʽʪǡƽදӦٿ˿ڣ΢΢һЦǾҪ
ˣ

ƽ⣬ٲ˵ŽңһţȻһ
̲ͣرסǡ

ҿռƾɡһɲǣڵƾѾ
Ĺⷢɢڵÿһ䣬ŷʽ齣ǲԡ䣬ʪ
ɫשֵŮʲŶЩƣ˴˵Ľڿ
תԷ⣬ͬȼݷڡһֱȴ緢ɽ֪
Żƽ࣬ǻƽŽŮײײŴӸʪ߹ȥ

Ųϸ顢ٶȲʱʱת·߰Ѥ
Ļȡ̧֡ţϵһһ뿪壬ڿл
ߣɢ貽ĵϣǡƶʻʢš

ŮδԡͶѾһ˿ҡ߰͹µ֮ϣ
ͬаѩƤһ⻬һҲ⻬һ͡һҲ
ͣһ顢һҲ飻ǡ󡢿ŪԼǶ
ԷԼѪҺȼԴеɽȪһһ
յӶŮʶת׳һ¡

ͷˮŰһֱŵ֮
ϡƤ͸ų죬֬ɫʱˮ¶һƣ뵽
˵ڡУĻ档ϡƽ£βԵط
ԡҵУͬ۷㣬±˴˵Դʱƣ
ŪԴķʽָȶҲӷˮ̿Ůˬˮϣ
ݺӯڶ֮С

ΨƢмʱȥ֣
ʱһ䡸¡˷ḻҲԺﹴճ
޼һӰ񡣱Ůȴδ÷йĴǹӲͦ
˵ֱӶڷϡܣͣߣһܣȴ
ΪԼеֵƤֽԼļһȲ̧ʱ
ԶһƬ˸

Ҳ٣ҹ飡

ִʧɫȴǰ޲ߡƳǽԾƼݲú
ϣΪ˷ֹϵ˽׵鷢ҹĽǴӸڵĳ
гģûκ©ꡣʱ·տ۶ܻǵͷ̫
ԣ׷ϸһȡ֮£ֻýӷٶȣ
ܹн⣬Լӹһ١

첻Ըһֵ̬ĽԶע⵽ֿŵİµϡ
ӡԽҹֵĺóԽǺ;ƼѲϵǽǰ漸
Źֱֳǰã뿪ʾʻ֤ʻ
֤

ְ̾ùȽ³Ȼȥʻֿ淭ҡֿ
ʻ֤һֽʲôûУּðҲûӱܵİ취
ֻĥŽ֤ϡ˶֮ݻеľƾ
ǵоƾ⣬ϡһָϵһԴ

ֹһȻѸٰŲϣܹɻءǽ˿
ֿ˿֣ޱظǵĹ

Ц˼˼磬ôƺһŽ
һߴӿ㶵ѹļٴԪżڼʻ֤Ȼ󽫼ʻ֤
磬ղҼʻ֤ôˡҵģٿ

һʻ֤򿪣üͷһ壬һۣʻ֤ԭݻأ
ص

ּΨһʧЧֻһ渹̽壬һԹԾͷ
ʵʵشһڡ

ʮһݡʮ֣ǧݿۼ£ʮ졣

˾Ϊְҵ˼վ͵ڱ˷룬ְּ
ù˾֪˾£϶᳴㡣û뵽һƿƻô
ߵĶ벻صֽĲԻ¸Լþƺ󿪳
ɴʱûҲãܶȹܵĶΣʵ
ڡݹϵӵеһУĴ۲ά˶˵
ޱҪ򶪲õġ

һߴͷɥؽͣ·ߡ³潻ά¾ܴ
һ߷ɿѰ˼ס˾İ취ɡ벡٣ʮȥף
ôѳͻع˾ؿ⣬г֮ôͱݿ۵ļվˡ

ó½ѳȥһٰ١ڼյôͣ
Ƚȥ֮ɣ

ö⣬ͳ绰ҳ½ܵĺ롣άϸ𴦷Ľ״
ѵǧأϴǮ𣿲Ļ绰üȡ
ʱǮ

ֲҵЦΨΨ绰ͷȴĵ绰ѹػ
˼룬ҲҲʵѡԼǾŵ绰һãȻ
ӣΪȵ̫ࡢ־壬ʵǲ۾ˣ
òҰϱĵ绰밡

ҡҡͷʾԼû⣬δбε
㶡Ӵ绰ԼҲٲ¶һھ
پ¶ȥ˳½֮ܺûкʵĵ
ˡ

УˡѡΧߣö֮˲һ֪
µĴһ˲Ը֪£ȴҪʱ뵽ʵ
޼ֻǲԸҲһεĲƸڴʱ
˵½ҲεΨһεˡɼСʱǰո
¶ķŵ˵Ĺϵִֵزͨ绰ټԼ
ȥŮĻķ·ϣʱΣѣЩ

ֶֻĻ˺üΣһҧ²ͨҹ
ؼҵʱε᲻˯Ȼ飬Ҵ绰
ԷֻͬҪִֻ֮һ
ȴ绰ôһֱ쵽Լϵ

Ѱ˼ţ϶εԼ͵뵽ǰЩʱԼ
绰ԭЩڲø绰Ʊǿֻú
ٴβͨεĵ绰֮ͨûôã֮󣬻ͲͺȻ
ΪӽˣšιһҪ˵绰
ﴫһ䡸ûͨСε绰Ҷˡ

ֱѹ֣ʱŭգ͵һ˦첲ַֻɳ
ݺݵڳϣˤ˸ķѡû뵽úõشŵ绰Ȼ
ôһһ࣬Ҳֲֻ֣Ǿؿ
ֹ֣ӷ룬ٸɳĴҵ

ֱͷһᣬƽ۽ﶼ
һ飬ȴεطԼղŵ뷨ǶԵģ˳ˣû˵

ΪԼѻܣԶеѣԾᡣͬµ
мģҲǰæ

ʵ벻ð취ǰ²ϣҪ㶨˼룬
ֻýһᣬڽԼм֮׵ļŮѡ

У

ƽࣿУ

̣̣̣

ȻԽĿиĹۣǴĵﲻԸǣࡣ
ʱ̵̬ȣôʱ¶˾ȥ㶵˸գ
ŻȻֻողűԼˤˡͷֻԼǰԶغͺ
ǶӰֻʰ𣬷ĻѾѳһͷλ
·˵أȴﶼûмװϣſҺֻ
㲻ãֻĻϵЩ绰
ƫұߵֻŵû̫Ӱ죬ֻǿͷλеѡ

ƾżҵ̵ĺ룬ҪͨȴΪûзӦԳɹ

Ǿ״ͳԼֻ˵룬ҵĲɣ

ǧлȻ󽫵绰˵Ǿ첦ͨ绰ȴϽ֣
͵ǰͲšֲԼ
绰Ҳˤˣ˲Ų֣вһЦ֪ԼƱˤ
ҲţֻʾлĿ쳤Ųӵȴͨ

绰Ĳͨһһڽδϵʱڱ˽
׶ʱú¶㼱еιơС̣֣м
æ

绰ͷû˻ش𣬼ӺŴ̵Ĵ𻰣ָ磬ôʲô
£

ʱ賿̵ȴʮѣȻû˯¡ֽƼݱ飬
˵һ飬ҵҲù˾֪¡

ѳȥٰ١

˺üʲôʾȣ̶Ĭ˵
ֹеʵôؼңǲֺǸŮ˹ȥˣ

˾㲻òģأڵλøҡˣŮ
֪ô

壬дŸʱǱһζǺĵľ
ֻĿȻ⼸䣬ɴ۾˿֣һ
ָȻȴֲò𣬷ɿ˸ӣͲȵ
ǹ죬ǿӦ꣡ûģͷ˵

̲һЦһָ磬ýͣ
׵ģôҪ˰ʱ뵽ңҺÿģһôô
죬ڵλøңȥ㣡

ô˵ٿľĽı飬εغٺ
Ц˼㿪ʼ֪λá˵һ룬ǺľȻ廰Ǿ
ҪնˣֱȥǶɣȻƸӣ

绰Ƕ˵һ˵ѽһǳԾ
Թµָ磬ôҲһ⡭⡭
һ£Ҷ˵绰

ֻڿҪҪѵ绰ȥľѾЦϵñ£

ҰѶĵַŰɣ˵꣬̾ˡ

ҡͷЦϡ¼ȥӿԺ˯˹
ȥʱѾʻ·ϣ˳˳ˮص˽ӣ߰
Ҳû̵ӰǩǷ飬һƱҹץѵϾ
һͬſʱĺڰѾ䵭ۼҪ

ھǼϢաƷϽɡ顭Ǽǵʱ
ְѹ˾ͼͥסַ֮ѡдһͨҲû˲ʣп
һˣʱȴ˸ͨ͸
ȶûŹۼСܾܵҪƽһαٽŴӲʱ
ڽ˼ţĻɫģȻͱ˺ӡ

һݾͱǰľ󾪴ˣһͨʮ
үǣġĥġƨġġƵģֶ
ӦоСӵһ˵ǽɧζϴƮҲ֪
˶ʺ

ֵ˿ȴζǺ¡Ѱ˸밫ǽԶĽ
Ըһᣬʱ͵𴲵ʱ䡣磬صݽһë̺ë̺
ﻹżδȫѯʱֻԷûش
˵ġٲ翪ʼıп֣
Ȼͱ´Ǯߺ˿ǮЩá
ڵĺʮˣڣֻ¶˷ֱ𱻺һ
־ûֵȴΣÿݶһޡ
ŸٶǮִһ㣬ǲ͹ǧˡ֪
ë̺·Ӧģȴ֪˭ǮĻ
û˼˼ֻ÷ſȥ˵

ֲ죬һ˵ȸǲ죬˶Ǯˡһ
߼ǮСԻǮס¥һ
ȥִϲЩԵģȻ˵⣬Ͱᵽ˶
¥˼

ĳ˵õ꣬ŵ˴ǽڵ룬
ɸɾûζ˾ϲǣȻеӿԿΨһв
㣬ͬסǻ죬˵һ̲ͣͷʹȻ
ľȴƽࡣ̵ܺĹϵ΢ۼ׶
ģ̵Ǿ䡸˾ҡİ̵
м뽭ƽ࣬һ嶯ֻεԺʱ
﷢ͻ

һδεȰ˵ԼҪεһУôŬ޼
£ӵʧͺͷƣ԰ԽˣԽ
ԼԺദûͷ
ŮηĻ뵹˺ܶࡣ

ôججֹ죬ֿʼԾ
ϰߵʱ򣬺ȻһѯԵɣȻǼֻǮ
˸ӡͬ۵УʰԼĶſ
뿪˼䡣žһǰһнʱȴ˴
һ칫ǰֿҪʣѾǰƿţ˵
ͷȻתȥ



                             ڶʮ



бɻ󣬴ʱ֪״ǲΣ̽ͷ̽Ե
ͷչűߣϵȵʲô
ֳл

û뵽ܣȻ˺ȴͬ˾ñ
һˡŵŵ첽ݡֻֻɳһ輸
װ磬ڲɳϣŭݵԼһ۾
߷֡žʮҵ΢Цֶܸ鰴Ȱ
ܱˣ֣ȵ¡ȥ˵
ˣҲ̫ˣ

ֲµİ׾ܿеĶžֳ˼Ͼ
Լȥæؾ˸ֿллžֳԺ֤Ҳ
ˣ

žֳЦӦˣҲû˵ʲôּ䣬ֺͶžֳ
¸֣ŴʩʩȻ뿪

˾ſڣһ۾ͿԼµͣͣ
ԶˡܽŲɿ죬ֱ߹ȥֲ֪ʲô˼ҳ
һڣСϱһںš

˳ǰǰѳŴ򿪡һ
Űסعͷһٳֹصͷţƴ
صͷеʯͷ˵ء֪ܶͿ߲
һԣǹƾҲûסܣ⹤군ˡ˿Խݣ
֤Լ˽ԺҪġˣŭ
һģȥקš

ֶܼһۣڰֵԼῪô
ڣȥǰ濪

ִϲʹӦŵϼʻҵŰ֣ȻԼļѾ
ˣһӶڵʱĲȻؽ
ϲڳڣ΢£ٿջأЦָ磬
ɵϳ

һϲмЦЦϳ֪էܾ
ʲôĹϵԼ̳ȴ֮Թǿ̵
ϡ˿ڳ˵ʲôֻһҪúøлľģ
׼

ִ˻ָˣ̾Ϳٽְϣ
Цָ磬ô԰ƼݸշųҪ֤ʻôû
ӦӰͳһգǰε~ ~ ~ ⣡㿴
ʲô

۾һϲʵҲŪˣ

̵ͷ˵һ²Ƕȫһǿ
ģòҲûĻͰ
ھ㻹ҲҾƺݳ

齿ԼֵĺøУҲӰգץסĴ
ĴָϷɡֹ˼ɺŵܣ˼գ̧ȥ
⾵ܿαϣʹɮ붨㲻ԲȻ֪
ǹװ˯ȴҲ˲١Ц֣ҪȥԼļգ
ȴһֶ㿪һڵѼûȥûôף
~ Ⱥú˵

ΪΪµԼΥԼ¡ȥ˽ʹСӣתͷ
ƳһܣĵС̣ررл㣡
ʹ˸ɫʾڣ㣬Ȼѹø͡Է
ʲôǵʱ˵òã

бһЦƲ⻵ǰװ޹ҺͿ
ĸƢȻҪƭˣؾˣĲ
㣬֪֪סҹ´˶Ǯ

һֱϲУ˸ʱ
ȻһĴȵ԰ﻹǮأܵһ
£ȥȥ˵ŻҪȥš

ץִָСǰһ̽ûɵŤס
⣬΢΢һתЦܣûôףǮѾȡˣҰ
ھҪϸһһʮ˵

ֳʹ¾˺Ĵֻ͡
ʣٵ㣡ʲôϸ

˿ɣۿֵ۾ϲȥ
ڽӰ㽻ǧͣѶʣµ
ǧ嶼㡣ղȥʱд⼸һٶ
ʱڣŷʱˣŷʹأԽСԽã
ǰҪղ˵ĻѰ˰١Ҳ˵Ӧûнһǧ
ˡõֵǮȴǧٰˡʱһǧ֪ǧ
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ʵǲǸŮ˴ģһʻһ
ֵ塣ȻԽҲԽʹ

ʹ׵棬֪˭Ǯǿֻǽҵ
֣Ȼ˵ŸҴǮһأһΪأ˶
Ǹ檵ĴթһٺóԵģҶԩײ
ĵ֣أ

ֻԼţһڣ۲תϲ̵ص
ɣһ𵱾ôˣ˵Żɿֵ
ָ

ֽ־ڶǣصͷлٲ˵ӿ
ӱڰȫΧڵʱ٣ҲƵ·Ϸɳֱۣ
ҲǴ¥Ӱӣų̤建Сһ
ְֱֹҵϣͬԼɳһȻָ
Ĵȣɡʮܣ͵ۿĿ״
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Գӳ˾̾û˵ֻǾڸʻλϡ
һ·ڴͣȵƣȻͷʵָ磬㱻ץ
ǲȥǸŮˣ

ĿбӵضǰŲ˵Щҿ̣ԼΥ
Լһܲʵ¡ʵһܼ򵥵£
ȴ˿ƭ̵ͷֻѡĬ̵һᣬû
ش˼ϵתͷ׷ʣͺղŵûгһ㡣

ڵ˶û˶ЩͣƺҲó
飬Сشĵ̵ʱһ
Žش⣬úӦЩĳĬƺǸĲ
һεųӵǰжԽԽ־ôҲܽ
εףؿЩܡ

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ôҸ뿪һº֮ѹָоʱվͬ
ݣЦ˼Ӽӵߡһ̣˽ȥ

ͣϨ𣬶ӭСغֱ³վ
ıȥ˼ʳѰ˼̽𣬽˵
ʱһԼϰëǮҲûСӪҵԱ˵Ǹܵǰ
øʻĳ̽´бۿεҵǮ
㶫

̰һۣû˵͵СڳӺǹ
˳Ѷʮ˿Ǯˣǹ

ʯ㽩ڵСһ߸ǣһԹֹţ
Ӷʮˣʮˡ

վﻹмڼͣСĺ׷ײĿڵ
СֹһЦ˳붨ҲҲ̲סͷ
һߣ˫粻סִ󾽣СµҾϲţ
ʲô̬ȣ

̴ӰźɫëүүһקӲô
ȥأϽ뿪

˵ע£ȥʣϳʳһԵ
̣ܡӳ˼վ̴һƬһƬ
ž۵һ˳æҵطȥϵӣ֣̲ס
Ц

־ȣ̵Цȴ־ֵá΢΢һЦ
Ȼ鵽۾æ˵תͷһ״ɤӣ
ɵʵ̣ȥʱǲڸղǼվӵͰ

ϵװ˼üҲ̫ϵ·Ǽ͵˧С
ȴϡϵãӦû˵꣬һڨЦ

һһͣĸˡһԸһҵֻ
ͷʵǼôҲ˵һ

Цֵ̯Ҹղ˯ˡ

ȴûô룬Ц׵㲻ῴ˾
ôģھ˼ǲ㣿˵
С쵽ǰҲЩԵļͷҲһٿɣ
ʣµǮң

ֿų̫ӦǮô
۰ɣ

ô˵ų- ѽ- 㻹ҸҰҹ
ȥʱһǧٿ顣ǧ˷ǧã糿
صһëǮҲûʣ¡ղҰʶˣڻǧٰˣ
һǷһٶ㻹Ҵۣأأ˵Ż
סֵգ֣֮ŵţǮҳ
ʳҲԼԼ԰ɣ

뵽һСҹΪԼǰܺӿмǸ⣬
Ҫڣʱ廰˾ĳͿģһ²Ҫ
ֽ𡣡

̻ȻءŶһ󷽵ذڰֵӰʣµǮ
Űɣҽġһ⼸Ƿҵһңšٶ
ʮ飡

ʲôôࣿӦǡٶɣ

ͱǵߣô࣬Ҫοĺڳ˾һ⣬
ŵһֱǮڻҪοǮôãû
ϢһڼۣŰٶ

ֲµˣûнˮǮ㣿

һתҪͷϢٴοڲ廰
绰˵Ҫǧֽ

ԣһ۵գ⻵ˣ˶
ֹܸôǮ㶼ỨǸŮϣ΢ͷ
ܵȥͲ˵һðɣܡת
ֵһǧǻҵģǧҰȢá

һţ˿ûֺ˵ĻᡣָǷһ飬
ȻƹԼ˽ȴҲ˼ӲؾܾǲԸΪ
ѵߣôҲøһЩճ

Сһƭң˾ÿ²㷢нˮô˵
գգ۾ȻûϢһǰѹʿŮ
˰ɣ˲ʡģǡÿ¸~ ~ ٰɣҲˣ
֮ĴҪ

̵һ仰εһǮʱ˵Ļ
һޡֺȻǰҲԼӵĴζһ
ϤҸеԸԶԶܸĲʡ

ʱûкε飬ô

ͷֵԺһڵʯ䱻Ŀڵʹжϡ
·̣ٿ·ٿ̣Ϊ˼ЩҡΡ
۸Сԭָ֪Ķ֯һŴÿһ
㶼Ǹᣬÿᶼ·˷졣·ͷӰʱε
ʱ̣ӰΪ˭վһµĽϣ½֮⣬и
ͨ·ָĽᡣ

ܼɫݣϵǱ߿Ϊǿռ˽
Թ²صſһ¼ĳִϷʱҲΪҪ
˿õӣ˺е壬һʱЩ
ԣȴֲƣʵʲôеô

ֻδţҲشһ۽һ۵ؿ˫ֵסԼ
µҿ㻹ô

̵ֵʧеӰҲŽˣγѰ
ţʲô

ʻָֿ콫һ˫¶ûˣʲ
ôأҸ㣬մôĵطúϴ߰˸ǲ
ҵģ

˵棬ݸһЦƶһһ˼˺и
ߣЦԼͬϷɺ졣̽߳ЦЦ
ֻýնйϣݺݵشµͣ
һۣҪȥ

ʱѾ˹˾¥µǧٻſڣԽӿͣã
̶һ䡸ͷˡŰҲƵ˳ܺǺһЦ
кּǰƹд¥࣬ۼ¥ĵؿھڲԶ
׼תʻ룬Ҳ˵ͣ

ҲҲȥ㶫˾ˣؼϢ
ɣܼͣȣſ˸϶˵ˣҺ̣
˾û֪㱻£Լŵ㣬˵©ˡ

ԣжµлҪͶžֳн飬
һ氾أģԺҲˣһһ
£

һѾ⣬仰˻һأɫ
һͬսѱ£ɻûһƳǣ£
̸ҵġһ뷨׼Թ˾ܲ
ЩҵӺ;˼ҸͲˡͺȥ
׶԰·ϣС¦㣬˵ΪƼݱˣ͵Ҽҵ
ĸλžֳĺ룬˵һжѾͨã绰˾ˡ
˵绰žֳǱ߱ҪҲܺһȥ㡣
ҪлһлӦС¦Ŷԡұأ

 ڶʮ



һֱΪܺͶžֳã֪лôһۡ
˵С¦ʱһʱûзӦ˭˵ȥ׶԰·ϡ
ʱǸ䳵ķٸû뵽¦ɺôŵȳѰ˼
һҪúøлһ£ơࡹֳĳرʾһ
Լл⡣鲻ҡҡ֣ˣҶԼһǹܹ
׵ģʲô¶ᾡȥˣùϡ˵
ʳָ˵֣صԼҲһ
ĺݣСԺҪǲٱòң¾עЩ

ֲͷӦǣЦЦȻתϷʵʵ
̻˼ǿ԰иŮѡ湴һνĻŮˣ
صϲ㣬ǿǵʱ
㻹ǵҶţУ

ܵɫûвı飬ͷЦǶ
ͨѣˡһģҾҲã˭ܿҰ

Цָָ㰡㰡Ҳ֪Ҳ˵
Ưɰ󷽣Ҳã㿴ϲ㣡ҿ
Լһи㡣ֻҪͷǿһУзԡһ
һ㣡ѽϹˣúϧɣΪֻŽŲȼ
ôκԵôù

˵ָ̣ȴεȼ
عճͬŮ˵ͬ黳·ӿһʱЩ
Ŀ͸ĸӰ龰·ֳǰ»֮ҹ
ڵϷҪ谮һһĻҲƺڶ߻졣

ܼ΢üͷɫأΪ˼Լ˵Ļ
һᣬûзӦֿڵ룬Ҳܼһʱ
Ͼ

ֱܵĻѣû̫˵ʲôȴȻŲϵͷ
ܼ²ߣ᲻ŮڴϵֶΣǺһЦ
ĻֻǹƣֻమĲһ
飬Ҳ͵ųԼںõģɱΪкóԵĶ˽ѡ
òʧ˶ֵˣ˵ȳɼҺҵɼϡͿ
ȥˣǰѾרעҵϲ

ǰһλֻԼεĿǷλ
뵽͵ֱ֡ؿڱƣһ
ԣѵص˵ͷܼ״ֻһʱԾ񣬹һЦٴ
򿪳ţˣû˵С¦æ¡һֱΪ
˶žֳ˵ˣҵҲߴһأ˵꣬Ц
³ˡ

һƬĵȰ˵ԼȴײֱָԼĵĻ
ҡ˺ܾãŷӣҵķȥ򿪼ţ
ϤĳӳϤζǻϤĸоȻ
ޱƣƤ˫ŶЩ̧ǿ˾ʹʹ˸裬ȡ
ͽ»ϣֱͦͦҵĴһؽԼ
ĴС

ԺظҪ˯ţſںȻԿ׵춯һֻۣ
ĽŲٱܣʱڴߡ

֣㡭

ε͸޵ϲȴֺȻֹס֪Ϊ
ԼţΪԼѾ˯šԸŵԵʲŻˡԥ
ҪҪ˵ȴŲŵüᣬ˳˷䡣ʱ
㴫ϴ·һůΪӲ
ηɡʱ˯ȥʱɫѾڡε
ıһֻشϡ

ҵĴû¥ҵƻ¹Ӵ͸
ڴǰĵذϣָɼ߲һƬףε
ƽ೤ȥ֪˯ʮֻػһ壬̽
Žִӱгͣڿ룬ڻ´εϡ

εһӴо΢ɲزһ¡
೤ϸܣҲʲǰЩһ֪
ѣȴ֪Ӧö˵Щʲôۼװ˯šεҲۣ
˫⶯ջû

սһڵŵ׺ģ©˸һƵĶ
Ͷһƹ¥ĵƹͱɴۣһڴϸµķ
УöٶȺ֪ԷѣȴֶΪԷ֪
ѣĬرнѵõűƽֽȴ
Щݳ޵ǣֹԵʱ⡣¹⻯ɴӴβƮϣִ
Ϸɸڴͷǽϡ֪ʲôʱ򲻷Ⱥٶ˯ȥ
Ƭɴʧ١

ʱѾƽɣתĴʱִѾϣ
ͷӵʱ뻹ûߵ壬εȴѾڴϡھҹҹ
԰ޣ˯˸˸ң
ΧΧȹվڹŲŵĳڻϵĹ衣

εûзѾȻרעϵĹСҨһ
ͷܹڵӾڴߣ΢΢ͷȻ
̽źһڣص˵ͷڲ˰ץһ۵жΣ鶯
ָ໥ĦǾȵڹСػװ룬Ĩһ
ͷŷԼؿɷ򣬺Ȼ绨ʢһЦ

Ž磬ȴ޷εЦݺ
ůʳѴŷƮ˳Ƥζ»
һ糿εǳδѣΪôһƤࡣ
࣬Ҳû緹༰аζȴһֱ
µüõݣ̫õĶҲߴ
ﹾؽ

ֺֽ࣬ԵУһһųԽ
ųαϡεһС㲻ٶ
ؿ̻ʡòͽֽؽճһЦ
óô

ԴӽûĶӣͷóԣ

εЦЦʵԺÿ춼ԣ
ã

΢΢һ٣ٴεͷð

ε򴽣ǰ㣬ֵ۾ʵԺ󲻹緹
ÿһٷҲҡͶֽӣһ
֮쿪ʼһӣԼı֡ô

ǰһжãε仰һʳڣֵҸкȻ
תֱ£ɿؽ˱㡣ӵ̬Լ˵ԴǸΣ
Ǿ䡸쿪ʼӡֵζ̺ĸֿ


޵ķʽ͵£ұԺٶԲ
ҵľģ

תͷεĻ˼ε
ֶԼþòشеɴϣɣһȥ
ŤͷҪߡ

ε鲻ȴǾȫע飬о
ƺһתҲʶ̽һץסĸ첲ε
ץţҲûѵ˼˾ôڲˡ

ãεͷ˵һ
˵ǸԵ֣жʾԼ⡣ҿͳ½罺ᣬ
ⷨģšڿǰһֱֱȥıȽϺá˵
תͷֵԲҹĵ绰ûܵһʱ
ȥ㣬ҲãԺ󲻻ˣˡϢ˼£ᶨ
ǰºǰһǰһոµĿʼòã

˵ʮָˣ뵽ıѣȴֲľô
Ӧ͵Լסľӣݺݵ
۵ĴϡεһһڻУ
еĶϣɢһƬ

ӣͷȴֻܽ˵ͨް޷ǰһ
ĺһεЩܣַŹ촽תȥĶʱ˫
ۡһ˿ɫεĲһ·ȥȴϵļ
Ӳѵ⣬΢ԶЩȥȴŵԼǸ׽
ص֮㷢ֻܣķ֮
ǵĴڡʱͻȻ췢飬ñʻ
Ȼоյģƺһʲôûˡ

εоֵҪתͷʱȴסС졣о
ֵǱʲ̫ᣬȡ֮׺ݺҰǼⱻӶס
Щѡε˫գͷвϵؽ
ӷЩʹȻޱȿ⡣˼һͣ˿
ҧ£ʵӽ쿪ʼڼӣҲӽ쿪ʼ
ڼŬɷӦеô

ֱࡣȴųŪָĴɷͬ
лˣԴεղš쿪ʼӡ˵Ϊ
Լڡ⡹ϼӵ˼
Ļ߳Ĭȴ֣صصͷϹ֪̫Сˣ
ģҲˣŬһ
ģ˶٣ְͷϣƵص˵Ķԣ
·ĲֹһˣҲ˺ܴѹԺԼ̬
ֵַҡһŬȡսҵĹϵ
֪

֪εȥ͵ˣһλ϶жᡣ
ʱȻڷ˴֮Ȼ򣬵Ҳĵ׵
ֻżм־仹ô̶ˡƲٻɵ̣Ѿ
ɵݱʵʲôûʱܵ˻ɲ²⣬ɵ
ʲô֮֮ȷǺޱΡԳЦЦЩ
ǷϡЩвʵԺɾˣڣ

εᶨصͷȥɣڣ

ֿӾµӣȻеޱȵϸؿ˿
·֮µģǶԼһĮģֿʼջ
˵̣ɧ󵨵Ľãﰵ죬ֹһ
õġȻתӣε§ڻǣ

εû˵һ仰ͱļסͼƾ
˱ӭϣҲʲôֱۣ˵ݲϵر
һǽε̣һֱɿŵĽá𱻾֮ǰ
ƽһȰԼؼҵĳԼղεתĽȰ⣬ǽ
ϣԼӺвЩм

ȻֻҪҵĴһҾʱ

ֵĴһ·֪ѾöΡΡڿֻͦ
ʱͱһӲһϾ˶ƨɱת˼
ѹɳϡε𽥻񣬶Լ
һŮЩ̡ɼղ˵ĶԻ˹ɺݾ

ͬ˲𣿷ҲںôңΪһ
Ůˣںʸ𣿡

ٴαۣµε㲻ε

ҪҪ

εоɢҰϢ΢ؾܾɷ
ΪֻǽֱԼĦ˺ǸˡǺ£
뿪ԼĴֽץסԼĿٴ૵ȥ
ҵĴϰɡ

ѪڣҲԸǰôɵֻ֪ϧӶί
˲˵Դ³˯㡣ۼ˯һ£¶
ۺɫڿıԵʱεֻȻ

Fly me to the moonand let me play among the stars~~

    ڵֻһһε˯Ҳһһεرƴ
קȥȻ󣬵ССɳ޴ʩչֻóͺһѱ
ε߽ңĴ֮ϡ

ҵĴû峿ͿֵܻĿⱻȫ
εЩȫУҲͲʲǰ㿹ܣԴ󷢵ֻ
Щ壬ǰư͵ԼĿӣӵĿ
һ˱ֲģһѽӽҿȥ
һ𣬶ͷϵֻһֱ֪ƣظ質м
ͣ٣ɺԲơ

εͷ˫ȥڿ㡣εڴͷϣ
ſ֡ԵһԵһᣬ绰ô϶Сš
мҡ

ֱ绰ҪεǴȽӵ绰
ġھĹǺղԼԼ˸Ľᣬʱ
ͬŭĹţ罫ԭĿԺ󡣵εѣȴ᲻÷ſ
ӣ첲ֻȻֻֽԭεЩ
ְȴ׵׽Ƿĳ֣ʪ͸
˫㱡޲ѹ鷿ʱһ˴ǹϥǲԶ
вʲô̽ȥֻʱǼӲǹͷպøż㲼϶
ΪеСϣʹطȻͬʱ
ģֻһι~ ȥôã



ڶʮ



εָŪЩңֻ֪̽ϣȴ֪˵绰
˸飬ѸٳֻҲŵý
첻ҳʾεش𡣵绰ͷҲ֪ûε
ͣι֣ôûأ
Ųã

ε죬ĴϢ˼ڣ˯ʵι~ ̰һ
û˯أֻˡ

ŶŶ˵ôôأε㣬˼ϢˣǸ
ܰһ𣿡

ֲ˯εЩʧ룬һ仰ѿڶȻ
æȵǲǣ㿴ңûأ˵ֱӸ绰
ͺˣתʲô

绰һͷЦʮֻ䣬Ȥղεǲ
εǼһѿڶģεת
ܰСʱǰҴ绰˵£Ҫóֵĵ绰һֱ
ŻζҪҵҼǵϴʱ˵
סͬһС֪֪ҵƺţɲ԰ȥһ

ε糺죬ŵ˶֪ĸ¥ţ
ȥҿҵȥ㣿

̵ңֱȥܼ¥½Сεˣ
˰ôҳҵ˯ȥ˵꣬
εټҶϵ绰

ε绰ﴫཱུæתͷֵգ
ôػˣƽʱǶʮСʱô

һֱԱ߾ţ˿Ҳ⡣εʻˤֻ
ʱߣûǲҪĺãǱϺȵЩԺ
ֻˡ⼸ھûֻ죬ҲͰԺˡ

־ʹԼƽȴǴһ˿ŭε֪⣬
ĬһᣬȻɬʮˣǡˡ

ЩԻؿε۹Լɹ͵Ŀ䣬
ȻǰȻһңҪʱնѲ
֪ôӻǳĬȥ

εҲųĬһᣬǰ˲䣬ҧŴǵϴ߰ɣ
û¾ҡ÷ԣ˵ŻѸ
һۣͷٲ

ֿǰߴӵӣ֪ѾԼ޶ȵ
԰ʾЩݡѾһһֱ׵ƻƽŮ
޵İʾʵ᲻̫Ȥʱĳ嶯ȥƺ
Ҳӵûַ̫Щؿһᣬͷš
һȥϴ

εַӦƽƽûԼеļһʱЩ
ǷԼ˼ʧ̾˿뽭½̸ԼЩ
ﾹضɷĻЩڴԴϴαֵͷŪˮ
й֮󣬶Ը߳ϵĻζ˺ü죬ֱ
ü棬˵˵Ҫ󽻺Ҳȥˡڴϣϴ
ŵȫԼĴһǶôĻȼӲһڣԼҪ
˫ȼԴȴʪˡ

ֵûеõйĵҲе㷢ȷֻ
ĲεǲôŤŤŮˡղűѹɳ
ϵһ˭ϴľͲǲŰ׽Сֵ
ˡŮ˵̬Ժﲻϴʹ˼ȫϴϣ
ϵЩˮε˸кҴȥ

³ٵһ·ӿ÷ɿ죬սסСʱϵʱ
ӲŸոʮܼ֡¥ͣãѰ˼ҪҪ¥ȥţ
Ȼ̴¥˳æϨ˻³ȥӭȴն
ֵسů翪ˣ

ע⵽ͨıǼ⡢ͱϵĴ£
ţϳԼҲķԸٴηů򿪡
Ťſӣ½ˣش˼䣬Թ
ôôҴö࣡

ֽ͵³ٵѾúܿˡҪһȥ𣿵绰
˵һȥҽã

̳ĬƬ̣Ȼ̧ͷһۣӰͳһҵֽ
ϣĹĵصεеô꣬ô˼ǵĺ£
ǵʱ䣡ϵģż㰡ͰŮץǸޣ
㣬ӾĶ

̵ĻΣȻǰŮһֱΪ
䣬֪˵ЩʲôֻװûЦмллȡ
ڳϣҲ˼˵ʲôʵζСҡķ
ѳԵҪ͸磬Ҫ㼰ʱǮҲ֪ܶ


һ˵ŻһչֽöƳһ࣬
һЦǱ飬٣ִӴȡǮŽڴ
åӺôİҵվôǮҲ±
˿ȥɣƬķϣξ㡣´һ
ʱҲҪôУ

̼뿪죬Щʧǣֶ࣬ͰǮ
˸ɾʱ˵źȻȷʵΣգɼð
˵ƣǺٺЦĬˡְѻƻصĴϣɴ
ЦȥֽһĳΣΪԼˤ
ĻֻͳһֻȷʵֻȴԼǸǱε
ˮֻԳΪ˱һȻʵʲô

ָֻ磬ȥĲԽɣ̵Ĵ۾
ؿ֣͸ޱϵĹС

ᣬһεʵֻ֪ҵģô


̴ԭ˵ı顸ŶһһشôҾ
ˣˣΪȥʮ˿Ǯأһ
Աӣ̲סЦ⣬ɵֻѾ
òӣûˡպҼôɵıûͽʹһ
£

ʮ˿£ֻδ״ͷеĵ
ֻĻϺͱĤ𣬱߽Ǵĥĺۼ
Ǹµġ𲻾ǰڵϿˮֻƷеĹ棬
ؿ˿̡̼ͷôֻ
ҰĿˣòã

˶ܣѳ

̶ãȴĨӣﻳйڻرĸ
żôԵĻѻѡװɵԽˣ־Խö
Ƿߵ̣еһζԼ˵Ļ
⡣

̵üƣֿ޷ʩϲԵõ
ӡʱһȴ־òԾٵشһԼǰ
˻Σʵָ磬ɵ

ҡҡͷһѽ̵ץסڵС̣ҡҡ֧
˰죬ĻΪ̡

̴ϻۣԣ֪룬΢΢һЦƽ˵ָ磬
ʲôҪ

ָоԼǱڿһڽĩӺۿܡ
̼ᣬһһµбϷ˫ֽĴְڵ
УͦӴյǰһǡûüߣͱֽӵ
뻳УѵˮĴҲ˴Ƶķʽʪǡ֪˵
⣬зʡ

ֻ̣ǲ֪ò̵ĴӡԼϣ
ﻹ͵סԼŨŨȫ⽻˸ӳڵ¶
ƺҲĶȻߣӺůֱӱʢգʹӵǵĶ
ⷭӿ궯

ƶѽѷ̵ֻ֣Ȼһɿ
̡ȴδ촽ףŽ绰һᣬ
ûص֪֪ˣɣֱȥ˾ˣ

˵꣬һֹš͵һ߹Ҷϵ绰Ī
һ죬ЦǺúòһ˳Ц˵ţ
ڰóһʪֽϣֶָ磬ǮҶһ
ˣǮգҵġ˳ΪǮ
϶취ٸ㷢ģһˣҪ
߬ЩǮ˲ֱͦǴҳԷʱƵģǮò
ǮɲһǲǸϣһῴģ

˵꣬Ҳִ𻰣³ˡֱ˵Щ
ʪԶȥıӰЩٸнζ쳵е̺
ǷƽϵЩĪֱղ˵
ģҲ֪ôȥԴ

ԥ壬źȻܴһ˳
ֻعܡȻæʪŷ⾵Ϻʹ
ǵĴʺۼܿǺһЦʵһΪؼأԭ
̼ܵȥˡôͨˣ

ֲԣİ͵ûûа

Ʋ죺ûʲôûҲţҴ绰ʱ̲
˵̫ˣ˯ղֺһڳ壬һûо
ϵ𣿡˵ٺЦ˼ֵ̯ĸʱ䣬ɲǹ
¥͵Сҵģ

ܵĻ̸֪绰ԭҲ˸
Ǿ䡸͵ָ֮ЩΪ顣Ȼú
򵥣򵥵ȫһĴӦͬʱڵͬ飬һֶͬ
һѻӦͬ͵¼򵥱Ŀĺ⣬ȴһ
ôҲֺúõĶԴεȴֺ޲ߵ˶
õһ֤ݡȫԼӵλϣȴȷ
ȷظʲôõ

ֵһԺѹŷֱؿæ
ɤʵܣôóҪȥ

ܸղ˵껰֮һ⣬һֱڵȴش𡣼Ĭ
ȴʣζؿûܵ⣬
ЩڣתתʵܣȥĶ

ܼαкȻϷʣҲղŵ⣬
αϣ˵쵼ҪȥϵĹؼ飬Ȼ
ֻ߸ǵ׼׼Ƴ֮ǵһκ쵼Ӵ
ᣬ²õӡȥתתʲôҲý
һ¡˶ٵ͹ȥ֮ٻҶ׶԰Ȼ
ֻҵ绰Ӧûæ

ֽ͵أͣظϻ¥óֻ⿪Ļ
ŷѾѳõװˣԭǸˤĵ绰ϵ
Ҳȫȫظ˹ҵܼҵ磬ܵĸͨ˵绰
ȡûãСֱıܳ¥ţλ˺¦
ɺ˵Цظں档ǢǱ֪˿϶Ϊ¦ɺ
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䷢һſ̶̣ܵ. ϢŴ̽ѯ۹⿴ȥ
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󼦰ɴսٻغأ

󣬱Եֵοô޵顣

ȥûֻʣƴصͷ. Ȱ¦ɺʰһ
Ȼٿȥ¦ɺǼУȥʰλµ·һ
˷ʱˣ㿪ߣԼʰ׵ģ

⣬ǺٺһЦؼʻͷߡ¦ɺ
Ųͣ·󽫺ʰ޸ɾֻصʻλӽλã
ؿһۣͳֻ˸룬Լ֮.

ֲ֪Ҫʲôֻһֻֻۡ
ʾһ˵Ƭ滹дšϹ֡Ƭе˿ȥԼ
ʮ꣬߷ͷһ˿ϼһ۾һŵĸо
. ɴʱּǹŵ΢ЦȴЩĪĻšǰ·ת
ͷȥֻ¦ɺ꣬ʣһȵѴӵ绰һ˴
ι~ 

ֵַ绰ͨӲؽЩڵĻʻ˶. ¦ɺ
Ǳ˸Цı飬ȴ˵ι~ Ϲ
ŵ˶಻ࣿ

¦ɺϹšһ˵˾䡸ԵȡʮӣС
ȫĺѾˣҪҹƵҳз
ųԷʱңȻ߿ġ

¦ɺеصûСҾΪ˿ԼúóԷ
绰һԵõģһһᣬÿĵһ
ô̻ʵģθܲˣ

¦ɺϹӦ˵ţҵùˣ˵أ

¦ɺ˼䣬Ȼ˵Сȥ֮
֣ϾͲ֮ǰ绰ң
Ե㣡ûˣæɣǵöˮϻ𣡡

¦ɺϹӦһ绰Ҷϡ¦ɺֻЦ
װģˣԷſ˲ңҿ㵽жͣ

˵ŻһֱָϴȦһ֡
󼦰һֱҲٵǰ

һֻ¦ɺָƺħÿתһȦ
Լע԰ǵÿʱܿ죬ȴе
ǰ·ҲͷķҡѰ¦ɺо
ڲͣ٣ֱ֪תͷһЦҲ˵һ䣬ֻ
ֱָĥ䣬ϲʱļеı顣

ʱӽд¥С. ׼ѳͣ糿ʱλã
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վڳǰҧ´бͬٻСһ̧֡
ָ֡

ֱѾ֣ʱ¦ɺǼȿɰӣ޲
ƵӲͦߺݺݳͽһ³ҪȥץˣɻûȽ
¦ɺѾһίı飬Ŀбӵǰȥ

ȻļҲ֪˴Ͼ¦ɺļңھ졢Ρ
ӹ뿪һξ룬Զظں档¦ɺŰ
õСﴩУȲšعˣƺֻͨİ
·ˡһǰһ¥ţڵǰԶվȡݡһ
ţȻȻ롣

һˣֿϣ¦ɺ갴Լ¥İťһ
ļֱŻرգ¦ɺ굹˼ǰٿת
ڽ§סĲװģң

ֻӵ񡢱黰ֻ鶯ƻ
ڡͷȥʱһοᶥͷʶ̧ͷ࿴
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ǣ˵ֱ꣬סǡֱҲûף˿¦ɺ
ô˵ǷſĻԴһӦһ˫ҲŲʵ
ߣʱ㽫ý.

ⶰԢ¥ܹжʮĲ㣬¦ɺסڶ㣬ٶȲ죬ֱ
ֿ̲ס뽫еŮ˾͵ʱŶһִ. ¦ɺ
˵ĲУſҲû˿ֹͣ˼ŵţۼ
ˣҲԸжԼڴ˫еøоĿٴֱ
ٶȹرգ¦ɺҧֵ´ſŲȥ¿ŵİ
һ󣬲ܳݣֱ.

ֿѱ¦ɺֱֱͦҲٴβ. 
﷭Կ׵¦ɺһͬŴ򿪡ǣ֮󣬾ͽ
ﶪڵϣƿϼǡһӭϣһ¦ɺ
ףȻ󷴰ѹǽߣָ¸Ū鷿

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